Rotate each ring of the matrix in anticlockwise form
A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers or other mathematical objects arranged in rows and columns. The process of rotating a matrix refers to changing the position of the elements within the matrix such that they appear in a different order than before. Specifically, rotating a matrix in anticlockwise form involves shifting the elements in each row of the matrix to the left, while keeping the elements in each column in the same position.
To rotate each ring of the matrix in anticlockwise form, we must first understand what is meant by a "ring". In the context of a matrix, a ring refers to a group of elements that are situated on the same "layer" or "level" of the matrix. For example, in a 4x4 matrix, the outermost ring would consist of the elements in the first row, the last column, the last row, and the first column, in that order.
Code Solution
//C Program
//Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
#include<stdio.h>
#define ROW 4
#define COL 5
void change(int matrix[][COL],int row,int col,int index)
{
int data = matrix[row][col],temp=0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for (int i = row-1; i >= index ; --i)
{
temp=matrix[i][col];
matrix[i][col]=data;
data=temp;
}
//top right to top left
for (int i = col-1; i >=index ; --i)
{
temp=matrix[index][i];
matrix[index][i]=data;
data=temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for (int i = index+1; i <=row ; ++i)
{
temp=matrix[i][index];
matrix[i][index]=data;
data=temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for (int i = index+1; i <=col ; ++i)
{
temp=matrix[row][i];
matrix[row][i]=data;
data=temp;
}
}
void rotate(int matrix[][COL],int size)
{
int row=ROW, col=COL,occurrence=COL;
if(ROW < COL)
{
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence=ROW;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for (int i = 0; i < occurrence/2; ++i)
{
row--;
col--;
change(matrix,row,col,i);
}
if(size>1)
{
rotate(matrix,size-1);
}
}
//Display matrix element
void show_data(int matrix[][COL])
{
for (int i = 0; i < ROW; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < COL; ++j)
{
printf("%3d",matrix[i][j] );
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
int matrix[][COL]={
{1, 2, 3, 4 , 5},
{6, 7 , 8, 9, 10},
{11, 12, 13, 14, 15},
{ 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
};
int size=3;
printf("Before\n");
show_data(matrix);
rotate(matrix,size);
printf("After rotate ring in %d times\n",size);
show_data(matrix);
return 0;
}
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
#include<iostream>
#define ROW 4
#define COL 5
using namespace std;
/*
C++ Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
class MyMatrix {
public:
int rows;
int cols;
MyMatrix() {
//Get the size of matrix
this->rows = ROW;
this->cols = COL;
}
void change(int matrix[][COL], int row, int col, int index) {
int data = matrix[row][col];
int temp = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for (int i = row - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[i][col];
matrix[i][col] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top right to top left
for (int i = col - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[index][i];
matrix[index][i] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for (int i = index + 1; i <= row; ++i) {
temp = matrix[i][index];
matrix[i][index] = data;
data = temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for (int i = index + 1; i <= col; ++i) {
temp = matrix[row][i];
matrix[row][i] = data;
data = temp;
}
}
void rotate(int matrix[][COL], int size) {
int row = this->rows, col = this->cols, occurrence = this->cols;
if (row < col) {
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence = row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for (int i = 0; i < occurrence / 2; ++i) {
row--;
col--;
this->change(matrix, row, col, i);
}
if (size > 1) {
this->rotate(matrix, size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
void show_data(int matrix[][COL]) {
for (int i = 0; i < this->rows; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < this->cols; ++j) {
cout << " " << matrix[i][j];
}
cout << "\n";
}
cout << "\n";
}
};
int main() {
int matrix[][COL] = {
{
1,
2,
3,
4,
5
},
{
6,
7,
8,
9,
10
},
{
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
},
{
16,
17,
18,
19,
20
}
};
MyMatrix obj;
int size = 3;
cout << "Before\n";
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(matrix, size);
cout << "After rotate ring in " << size << " times\n";
obj.show_data(matrix);
return 0;
}
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
/*
Java Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
public class MyMatrix {
public int rows;
public int cols;
public MyMatrix(int [][]matrix)
{
//Get the size of matrix
rows = matrix.length;
cols = matrix[0].length;
}
public void change(int [][]matrix,int row,int col,int index)
{
int data = matrix[row][col];
int temp=0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for (int i = row-1; i >= index ; --i)
{
temp=matrix[i][col];
matrix[i][col]=data;
data=temp;
}
//top right to top left
for (int i = col-1; i >=index ; --i)
{
temp=matrix[index][i];
matrix[index][i]=data;
data=temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for (int i = index+1; i <=row ; ++i)
{
temp=matrix[i][index];
matrix[i][index]=data;
data=temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for (int i = index+1; i <=col ; ++i)
{
temp=matrix[row][i];
matrix[row][i]=data;
data=temp;
}
}
void rotate(int [][]matrix,int size)
{
int row=rows, col=cols,occurrence=cols;
if(row < col)
{
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence=row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for (int i = 0; i < occurrence/2; ++i)
{
row--;
col--;
change(matrix,row,col,i);
}
if(size>1)
{
rotate(matrix,size-1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
public void show_data(int [][]matrix)
{
for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i)
{
for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j)
{
System.out.print(" "+matrix[i][j] );
}
System.out.print("\n");
}
System.out.print("\n");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int [][]matrix={
{1, 2, 3, 4 , 5},
{6, 7 , 8, 9, 10},
{11, 12, 13, 14, 15},
{ 16, 17, 18, 19, 20}
};
MyMatrix obj = new MyMatrix(matrix);
int size=3;
System.out.print("Before\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(matrix,size);
System.out.print("After rotate ring in "+size+" times\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
}
}
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
using System;
/*
C# Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
public class MyMatrix {
int rows;
int cols;
MyMatrix(int[,] matrix) {
//Get the size of matrix
rows = matrix.GetLength(0);
cols = matrix.GetLength(1);
}
public void change(int[,] matrix, int row, int col, int index) {
int data = matrix[row,col];
int temp = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for (int i = row - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[i,col];
matrix[i,col] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top right to top left
for (int i = col - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[index,i];
matrix[index,i] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for (int i = index + 1; i <= row; ++i) {
temp = matrix[i,index];
matrix[i,index] = data;
data = temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for (int i = index + 1; i <= col; ++i) {
temp = matrix[row,i];
matrix[row,i] = data;
data = temp;
}
}
void rotate(int[,] matrix, int size) {
int row = rows, col = cols, occurrence = cols;
if (row < col) {
//Get small size
//When not a perfect square matrix
occurrence = row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for (int i = 0; i < occurrence / 2; ++i) {
row--;
col--;
change(matrix, row, col, i);
}
if (size > 1) {
rotate(matrix, size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
public void show_data(int[,] matrix) {
for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
Console.Write(" " + matrix[i,j]);
}
Console.Write("\n");
}
Console.Write("\n");
}
public static void Main(String[] args) {
int[,] matrix = {
{
1,
2,
3,
4,
5
},
{
6,
7,
8,
9,
10
},
{
11,
12,
13,
14,
15
},
{
16,
17,
18,
19,
20
}
};
MyMatrix obj = new MyMatrix(matrix);
int size = 3;
Console.Write("Before\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(matrix, size);
Console.Write("After rotate ring in " + size + " times\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
}
}
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
/*
Node Js Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
class MyMatrix {
;;
constructor(matrix) {
//Get the size of matrix
this.rows = matrix.length;
this.cols = matrix[0].length;
}
change(matrix, row, col, index) {
var data = matrix[row][col];
var temp = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for (var i = row - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[i][col];
matrix[i][col] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top right to top left
for (var i = col - 1; i >= index; --i) {
temp = matrix[index][i];
matrix[index][i] = data;
data = temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for (var i = index + 1; i <= row; ++i) {
temp = matrix[i][index];
matrix[i][index] = data;
data = temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for (var i = index + 1; i <= col; ++i) {
temp = matrix[row][i];
matrix[row][i] = data;
data = temp;
}
}
rotate(matrix, size) {
var row = this.rows;
var col = this.cols;
var occurrence = this.cols;
if (row < col) {
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence = row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for (var i = 0; i < parseInt(occurrence / 2); ++i) {
row--;
col--;
this.change(matrix, row, col, i);
}
if (size > 1) {
this.rotate(matrix, size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
show_data(matrix) {
for (var i = 0; i < this.rows; ++i) {
for (var j = 0; j < this.cols; ++j) {
process.stdout.write(" " + matrix[i][j]);
}
process.stdout.write("\n");
}
process.stdout.write("\n");
}
}
function main(args) {
var matrix = [
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
];
var obj = new MyMatrix(matrix);
var size = 3;
process.stdout.write("Before\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(matrix, size);
process.stdout.write("After rotate ring in " + size + " times\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
}
main();
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
# Python 3 Program
# Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
class MyMatrix :
def __init__(self, matrix) :
# Get the size of matrix
self.rows = len(matrix)
self.cols = len(matrix[0])
def change(self, matrix, row, col, index) :
data = matrix[row][col]
temp = 0
# bottom right to top rigth
i = row - 1
while (i >= index) :
temp = matrix[i][col]
matrix[i][col] = data
data = temp
i -= 1
# top right to top left
i = col - 1
while (i >= index) :
temp = matrix[index][i]
matrix[index][i] = data
data = temp
i -= 1
# top left to bottom left
i = index + 1
while (i <= row) :
temp = matrix[i][index]
matrix[i][index] = data
data = temp
i += 1
# bottom left to bottom right
i = index + 1
while (i <= col) :
temp = matrix[row][i]
matrix[row][i] = data
data = temp
i += 1
def rotate(self, matrix, size) :
row = self.rows
col = self.cols
occurrence = self.cols
if (row < col) :
# Get small size
# When not a perfect square matrix
# Get small size
occurrence = row
# This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
# //outer ring
# ← ← ← ← ← ←
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ same as ↑
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ inner ring ↑
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ ↑
# → → → → → →
#
i = 0
while (i < int(occurrence / 2)) :
row -= 1
col -= 1
self.change(matrix, row, col, i)
i += 1
if (size > 1) :
self.rotate(matrix, size - 1)
# Display matrix elements
def show_data(self, matrix) :
i = 0
while (i < self.rows) :
j = 0
while (j < self.cols) :
print(" ", matrix[i][j], end = "")
j += 1
print("\n", end = "")
i += 1
print("\n", end = "")
def main() :
matrix = [
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
]
obj = MyMatrix(matrix)
size = 3
print("Before\n", end = "")
obj.show_data(matrix)
obj.rotate(matrix, size)
print("After rotate ring in ", size ," times\n", end = "")
obj.show_data(matrix)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
# Ruby Program
# Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
class MyMatrix
# Define the accessor and reader of class MyMatrix
attr_reader :rows, :cols
attr_accessor :rows, :cols
def initialize(matrix)
# Get the size of matrix
@rows = matrix.length
@cols = matrix[0].length
end
def change(matrix, row, col, index)
data = matrix[row][col]
temp = 0
# bottom right to top rigth
i = row - 1
while (i >= index)
temp = matrix[i][col]
matrix[i][col] = data
data = temp
i -= 1
end
# top right to top left
i = col - 1
while (i >= index)
temp = matrix[index][i]
matrix[index][i] = data
data = temp
i -= 1
end
# top left to bottom left
i = index + 1
while (i <= row)
temp = matrix[i][index]
matrix[i][index] = data
data = temp
i += 1
end
# bottom left to bottom right
i = index + 1
while (i <= col)
temp = matrix[row][i]
matrix[row][i] = data
data = temp
i += 1
end
end
def rotate(matrix, size)
row = @rows
col = @cols
occurrence = @cols
if (row < col)
# Get small size
# When not a perfect square matrix
# Get small size
occurrence = row
end
# This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
# //outer ring
# ← ← ← ← ← ←
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ same as ↑
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ inner ring ↑
# ↓ ↑
# ↓ ↑
# → → → → → →
#
i = 0
while (i < occurrence / 2)
row -= 1
col -= 1
self.change(matrix, row, col, i)
i += 1
end
if (size > 1)
self.rotate(matrix, size - 1)
end
end
# Display matrix elements
def show_data(matrix)
i = 0
while (i < @rows)
j = 0
while (j < @cols)
print(" ", matrix[i][j])
j += 1
end
print("\n")
i += 1
end
print("\n")
end
end
def main()
matrix = [
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
]
obj = MyMatrix.new(matrix)
size = 3
print("Before\n")
obj.show_data(matrix)
obj.rotate(matrix, size)
print("After rotate ring in ", size ," times\n")
obj.show_data(matrix)
end
main()
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
/*
Scala Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
class MyMatrix(var rows: Int,var cols: Int) {
def this(matrix: Array[Array[Int]]) {
//Get the size of matrix
this(matrix.length,matrix(0).length);
}
def change(matrix: Array[Array[Int]], row: Int, col: Int, index: Int): Unit = {
var data: Int = matrix(row)(col);
var temp: Int = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
var i: Int = row - 1;
while (i >= index) {
temp = matrix(i)(col);
matrix(i)(col) = data;
data = temp;
i -= 1;
}
//top right to top left
i = col - 1;
while (i >= index) {
temp = matrix(index)(i);
matrix(index)(i) = data;
data = temp;
i -= 1;
}
//top left to bottom left
i = index + 1;
while (i <= row) {
temp = matrix(i)(index);
matrix(i)(index) = data;
data = temp;
i += 1;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
i = index + 1;
while (i <= col) {
temp = matrix(row)(i);
matrix(row)(i) = data;
data = temp;
i += 1;
}
}
def rotate(matrix: Array[Array[Int]], size: Int): Unit = {
var row: Int = this.rows;
var col: Int = this.cols;
var occurrence: Int = this.cols;
if (row < col) {
//Get small size
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence = row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < (occurrence / 2).toInt) {
row -= 1;
col -= 1;
this.change(matrix, row, col, i);
i += 1;
}
if (size > 1) {
this.rotate(matrix, size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
def show_data(matrix: Array[Array[Int]]): Unit = {
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < this.rows) {
var j: Int = 0;
while (j < this.cols) {
print(" " + matrix(i)(j));
j += 1;
}
print("\n");
i += 1;
}
print("\n");
}
}
object Main {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
val matrix: Array[Array[Int]] = Array(
Array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
Array(6, 7, 8, 9, 10),
Array(11, 12, 13, 14, 15),
Array(16, 17, 18, 19, 20));
val obj: MyMatrix = new MyMatrix(matrix);
val size: Int = 3;
print("Before\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(matrix, size);
print("After rotate ring in " + size + " times\n");
obj.show_data(matrix);
}
}
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
/*
Swift 4 Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
class MyMatrix {
var rows : Int;
var cols : Int;
init(_ matrix: [[Int]]) {
//Get the size of matrix
self.rows = matrix.count;
self.cols = matrix[0].count;
}
func change(_ matrix: inout [[Int]], _ row: Int, _ col: Int, _ index: Int) {
var data: Int = matrix[row][col];
var temp: Int = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
var i: Int = row - 1;
while (i >= index) {
temp = matrix[i][col];
matrix[i][col] = data;
data = temp;
i -= 1;
}
//top right to top left
i = col - 1;
while (i >= index) {
temp = matrix[index][i];
matrix[index][i] = data;
data = temp;
i -= 1;
}
//top left to bottom left
i = index + 1;
while (i <= row) {
temp = matrix[i][index];
matrix[i][index] = data;
data = temp;
i += 1;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
i = index + 1;
while (i <= col) {
temp = matrix[row][i];
matrix[row][i] = data;
data = temp;
i += 1;
}
}
func rotate(_ matrix: inout [[Int]], _ size: Int) {
var row: Int = self.rows;
var col: Int = self.cols;
var occurrence: Int = self.cols;
if (row < col) {
//Get small size
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
occurrence = row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < occurrence / 2) {
row -= 1;
col -= 1;
self.change(&matrix, row, col, i);
i += 1;
}
if (size > 1) {
self.rotate(&matrix, size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
func show_data(_ matrix: [
[Int]
]) {
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < self.rows) {
var j: Int = 0;
while (j < self.cols) {
print(" ", matrix[i][j], terminator: "");
j += 1;
}
print("\n", terminator: "");
i += 1;
}
print("\n", terminator: "");
}
}
func main() {
var matrix: [
[Int]
] = [
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
[6, 7, 8, 9, 10],
[11, 12, 13, 14, 15],
[16, 17, 18, 19, 20]
];
let obj: MyMatrix = MyMatrix(matrix);
let size: Int = 3;
print("Before\n", terminator: "");
obj.show_data(matrix);
obj.rotate(&matrix, size);
print("After rotate ring in ", size ," times\n", terminator: "");
obj.show_data(matrix);
}
main();
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
<?php
/*
Php Program
Rotate each ring of matrix anticlockwise by K elements
*/
class MyMatrix {
public $rows;
public $cols;
function __construct($matrix) {
//Get the size of matrix
$this->rows = count($matrix);
$this->cols = count($matrix[0]);
}
public function change(&$matrix, $row, $col, $index) {
$data = $matrix[$row][$col];
$temp = 0;
//bottom right to top rigth
for ($i = $row - 1; $i >= $index; --$i) {
$temp = $matrix[$i][$col];
$matrix[$i][$col] = $data;
$data = $temp;
}
//top right to top left
for ($i = $col - 1; $i >= $index; --$i) {
$temp = $matrix[$index][$i];
$matrix[$index][$i] = $data;
$data = $temp;
}
//top left to bottom left
for ($i = $index + 1; $i <= $row; ++$i) {
$temp = $matrix[$i][$index];
$matrix[$i][$index] = $data;
$data = $temp;
}
//bottom left to bottom right
for ($i = $index + 1; $i <= $col; ++$i) {
$temp = $matrix[$row][$i];
$matrix[$row][$i] = $data;
$data = $temp;
}
}
function rotate(&$matrix, $size) {
$row = $this->rows;
$col = $this->cols;
$occurrence = $this->cols;
if ($row < $col) {
//When not a perfect square matrix
//Get small size
$occurrence = $row;
}
//This is rotating each ring by one size outer to inner side
/*
//outer ring
← ← ← ← ← ←
↓ ↑
↓ same as ↑
↓ ↑
↓ inner ring ↑
↓ ↑
↓ ↑
→ → → → → →
*/
for ($i = 0; $i < intval($occurrence / 2); ++$i) {
$row--;
$col--;
$this->change($matrix, $row, $col, $i);
}
if ($size > 1) {
$this->rotate($matrix, $size - 1);
}
}
//Display matrix elements
public function show_data($matrix) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $this->rows; ++$i) {
for ($j = 0; $j < $this->cols; ++$j) {
echo(" ". $matrix[$i][$j]);
}
echo("\n");
}
echo("\n");
}
};
function main() {
$matrix = array(
array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5),
array(6, 7, 8, 9, 10),
array(11, 12, 13, 14, 15),
array(16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
);
$obj = new MyMatrix($matrix);
$size = 3;
echo("Before\n");
$obj->show_data($matrix);
$obj->rotate($matrix, $size);
echo("After rotate ring in ". $size ." times\n");
$obj->show_data($matrix);
}
main();
Output
Before
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15
16 17 18 19 20
After rotate ring in 3 times
4 5 10 15 20
3 14 13 12 19
2 9 8 7 18
1 6 11 16 17
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