Print rhombus pattern
In this article, we will discuss how to print a rhombus pattern using C programming language. We will start with an introduction to the problem, explain the problem statement, provide a suitable example, describe the algorithm and pseudocode, and finally, explain the resultant output with the time complexity of the code.
Introduction
The rhombus pattern is a geometric pattern consisting of asterisks (*) arranged in the shape of a rhombus. The size of the rhombus determines the number of rows and columns it occupies. The goal is to write a program that takes the size of the rhombus as input and prints the corresponding rhombus pattern using asterisks.
Problem Statement
The problem can be defined as follows:
Write a C program to print a rhombus pattern of a given size. The program should take an integer input representing the size of the rhombus and display the rhombus pattern using asterisks (*) and spaces.
Example
Let's consider an example to understand the problem better. Suppose we want to print a rhombus pattern of size 4. The expected output would be:
**** **** **** ****
The asterisks form a rhombus shape, and each line is indented from the left by an increasing number of spaces.
Algorithm and Pseudocode
To solve this problem, we can follow the following algorithm:
- Define a function
spaceto print the required number of spaces. - Define a function
print_symbolto print the required number of asterisks. - Define a function
rhombus_patternto display the rhombus pattern of the given size. - In the
rhombus_patternfunction, iterate fromi = 1tosize(inclusive). - Inside the loop, call the
spacefunction with the argumentsize - ito print the required spaces. - Call the
print_symbolfunction with the argumentsizeto print the required asterisks. - Print a newline character to move to the next line.
- Call the
rhombus_patternfunction from themainfunction with different test cases to demonstrate the functionality.
Here's the pseudocode for the algorithm:
function space(size):
for counter from 0 to size:
print a space
function print_symbol(size):
for counter from 0 to size:
print an asterisk
function rhombus_pattern(size):
print "Size: " + size
for i from 1 to size:
call space(size - i)
call print_symbol(size)
print a newline
main():
call rhombus_pattern(4)
call rhombus_pattern(5)
call rhombus_pattern(7)
Code Solution
//C Program
//Print rhombus pattern
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
/*Include Space of given size*/
void space(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
//Add space
printf(" ");
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
void print_symbol(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
printf("*");
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
void rhombus_pattern(int size) {
printf("\n Size : %d \n\n", size);
int i = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= size; i++) {
space(size-i);
print_symbol(size);
printf("\n");
}
}
int main() {
//Test Cases
rhombus_pattern(4);
rhombus_pattern(5);
rhombus_pattern(7);
return 0;
}
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******/*
C++ Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyPattern {
public:
/*Include Space of given size*/
void space(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
//Add space
cout << " ";
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
void print_symbol(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
cout << "*";
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
void rhombus_pattern(int size) {
cout << "\n Size : " << size << " \n\n";
int i = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= size; i++) {
this->space(size - i);
this->print_symbol(size);
cout << "\n";
}
}
};
int main() {
MyPattern obj = MyPattern();
//Test Case
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
return 0;
}
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******/*
Java Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
public class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
public void space(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
//Add space
System.out.print(" ");
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
public void print_symbol(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
public void rhombus_pattern(int size) {
System.out.print("\n Size : "+size+" \n\n");
int i = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= size; i++) {
space(size-i);
print_symbol(size);
System.out.print("\n");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyPattern obj = new MyPattern();
//Test Case
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
}
}
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******/*
C# Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
using System;
public class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
public void space(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
Console.Write(" ");
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
public void print_symbol(int size) {
int counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
Console.Write("*");
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
public void rhombus_pattern(int size) {
Console.Write("\n Size : " + size + " \n\n");
int i = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= size; i++) {
space(size - i);
print_symbol(size);
Console.Write("\n");
}
}
public static void Main(String[] args) {
MyPattern obj = new MyPattern();
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
}
}
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******<?php
/*
Php Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
public function space($size) {
$counter = 0;
for ($counter = 0; $counter < $size; $counter++) {
//Add space
echo(" ");
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
public function print_symbol($size) {
$counter = 0;
for ($counter = 0; $counter < $size; $counter++) {
echo("*");
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
public function rhombus_pattern($size) {
echo("\n Size : ". $size ." \n\n");
$i = 0;
for ($i = 1; $i <= $size; $i++) {
$this->space($size - $i);
$this->print_symbol($size);
echo("\n");
}
}
}
function main() {
$obj = new MyPattern();
//Test Case
$obj->rhombus_pattern(4);
$obj->rhombus_pattern(5);
$obj->rhombus_pattern(7);
}
main();
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******/*
Node Js Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
space(size) {
var counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
//Add space
process.stdout.write(" ");
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
print_symbol(size) {
var counter = 0;
for (counter = 0; counter < size; counter++) {
process.stdout.write("*");
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
rhombus_pattern(size) {
process.stdout.write("\n Size : " + size + " \n\n");
var i = 0;
for (i = 1; i <= size; i++) {
this.space(size - i);
this.print_symbol(size);
process.stdout.write("\n");
}
}
}
function main(args) {
var obj = new MyPattern();
//Test Case
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
}
main();
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******# Python 3 Program
# Print rhombus pattern
class MyPattern :
# Include Space of given size
def space(self, size) :
counter = 0
while (counter < size) :
print(" ", end = "")
counter += 1
# Include Symbol
def print_symbol(self, size) :
counter = 0
while (counter < size) :
print("*", end = "")
counter += 1
# Display rhombus pattern of given size
def rhombus_pattern(self, size) :
print("\n Size : ", size ," \n\n", end = "")
i = 1
while (i <= size) :
self.space(size - i)
self.print_symbol(size)
print("\n", end = "")
i += 1
def main() :
obj = MyPattern()
obj.rhombus_pattern(4)
obj.rhombus_pattern(5)
obj.rhombus_pattern(7)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******# Ruby Program
# Print rhombus pattern
class MyPattern
# Include Space of given size
def space(size)
counter = 0
while (counter < size)
print(" ")
counter += 1
end
end
# Include Symbol
def print_symbol(size)
counter = 0
while (counter < size)
print("*")
counter += 1
end
end
# Display rhombus pattern of given size
def rhombus_pattern(size)
print("\n Size :", size ," \n\n")
i = 1
while (i <= size)
self.space(size - i)
self.print_symbol(size)
print("\n")
i += 1
end
end
end
def main()
obj = MyPattern.new()
obj.rhombus_pattern(4)
obj.rhombus_pattern(5)
obj.rhombus_pattern(7)
end
main()
Output
Size :4
****
****
****
****
Size :5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size :7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
/*
Scala Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
def space(size: Int): Unit = {
var counter: Int = 0;
while (counter < size) {
print(" ");
counter += 1;
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
def print_symbol(size: Int): Unit = {
var counter: Int = 0;
while (counter < size) {
print("*");
counter += 1;
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
def rhombus_pattern(size: Int): Unit = {
print("\n Size : " + size + " \n\n");
var i: Int = 1;
while (i <= size) {
this.space(size - i);
this.print_symbol(size);
print("\n");
i += 1;
}
}
}
object Main {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
val obj: MyPattern = new MyPattern();
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
}
}
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******/*
Swift Program
Print rhombus pattern
*/
class MyPattern {
/*Include Space of given size*/
func space(_ size: Int) {
var counter = 0;
while (counter < size) {
print(" ", terminator: "");
counter += 1;
}
}
/*Include Symbol*/
func print_symbol(_ size: Int) {
var counter = 0;
while (counter < size) {
print("*", terminator: "");
counter += 1;
}
}
//Display rhombus pattern of given size
func rhombus_pattern(_ size: Int) {
print("\n Size : ", size ," \n\n", terminator: "");
var i = 1;
while (i <= size) {
self.space(size - i);
self.print_symbol(size);
print("\n", terminator: "");
i += 1;
}
}
}
func main() {
let obj = MyPattern();
obj.rhombus_pattern(4);
obj.rhombus_pattern(5);
obj.rhombus_pattern(7);
}
main();
Output
Size : 4
****
****
****
****
Size : 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size : 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******Resultant Output and Time Complexity
The expected output for the provided test cases would be:
Size: 4
****
****
****
****
Size: 5
*****
*****
*****
*****
*****
Size: 7
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
The time complexity of the code is O(n^2), where n is the size of the rhombus. This is because we have two nested loops: one iterating from 1 to the given size, and the other iterating from 0 to the given size. As a result, the number of iterations is proportional to the square of the input size.
By following the algorithm and pseudocode, we can print the rhombus pattern of any given size using asterisks and spaces in a visually appealing manner.
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