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Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree using stack

Display all leaf node in binary tree, We can solve this problem in a two way, First are recursion by using (inorder, preorder) tree traversal technique. And second is iterative solution by using stack or other data structure.

Leaf node of a binary tree not contain any left and right subtree. See this example.

Print all Leaf nodes of a binary tree

Here given code implementation process.

/*
 C Program 
 Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
 By using of stack
*/
#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

//structure of Binary Tree node
struct Node
{
	int data;
	struct Node *left, *right;
};
struct MyStack
{
	struct Node *element;
	struct MyStack *next;
};
//Create a binary tree nodes and node fields (data,pointer) 
//And returning the reference of newly nodes
struct Node *insert(int data)
{
	//create dynamic memory to new binary tree node
	struct Node *new_node = (struct Node *) malloc(sizeof(struct Node));
	if (new_node != NULL)
	{
		//set data and pointer values
		new_node->data = data;
		new_node->left = NULL; //Initially node left-pointer is NULL
		new_node->right = NULL; //Initially node right-pointer is NULL
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Memory Overflow\n");
		exit(0); //Terminate program execution
	}
	//return reference
	return new_node;
}
//Create a MyStack element and return this reference
struct MyStack *push(struct Node *tree_node, struct MyStack *top)
{
	struct MyStack *node = (struct MyStack *) malloc(sizeof(struct MyStack));
	if (node != NULL)
	{
		//set pointer values
		node->element = tree_node;
		node->next = top;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Memory Overflow\n");
		exit(0); //Terminate program execution
	}
	return node;
}
//Remove a top node of stack
void pop(struct MyStack **top)
{
	if ( *top != NULL)
	{
		struct MyStack *remove = *top;*top = remove->next;
		remove->element = NULL;
		remove->next = NULL;
		//free the allocated memory of node
		free(remove);
		remove = NULL;
	}
}
//print leaf nodes of binary tree
void print_leaf_node(struct Node *root)
{
	if (root != NULL)
	{
		//Make few MyStack pointer
		struct MyStack *top = NULL, *head = NULL;
		struct Node *temp = root;
		while (top != NULL || temp != NULL)
		{
			if (temp != NULL)
			{
				//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
				//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
				if (temp->left == NULL && temp->right == NULL)
				{
					//When get a leaf node
					printf("%d ", temp->data);
				}
				//add tree node into stack
				top = push(temp, top);
				//visit left subtree
				temp = temp->left;
			}
			else
			{
				//When current tree node is NULL 
				//Fetch a top element of stack
				temp = top->element;
				//remove stack element
				pop( & top);
				//visit right-subtree
				temp = temp->right;
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Empty Linked List\n");
	}
}
int main()
{
	struct Node *root = NULL;
	/*Make A Binary Tree
	-----------------------
	        17
	      /    \
	    11      21
	   / \     /  \
	  1   39  10   9
	     /          \
	    40           2  
	*/
	//Insertion of binary tree nodes
	root = insert(17);
	root->left = insert(11);
	root->right = insert(21);
	root->right->right = insert(9);
	root->right->left = insert(10);
	root->left->left = insert(1);
	root->left->right = insert(39);
	root->left->right->left = insert(40);
	root->right->right->right = insert(2);
	printf("Leaf node is : ");
	//Display Tree elements
	print_leaf_node(root);
	return 0;
}

Output

Leaf node is : 1 40 10 2
/* 
Java Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	public int data;
	public Node left, right;
	//make a tree node
	public Node(int data)
	{
		//Assign field values
		this.data = data;
		this.left = null;
		this.right = null;
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	public Node element;
	public MyStack next;
	public MyStack(Node element)
	{
		this.element = element;
		this.next = null;
	}
}
class BinaryTree
{
	public Node root;
	private MyStack top;
	public BinaryTree()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		this.root = null;
		this.top = null;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	public void print_leaf_node()
	{
		if (this.root != null)
		{
			Node temp = this.root;
			while (this.top != null || temp != null)
			{
				if (temp != null)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == null && temp.right == null)
					{
						System.out.print(" " + temp.data + " ");
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					this.push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = this.top.element;
					//remove MyStack element
					this.pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			System.out.print("Empty Linked List\n");
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	public void push(Node node)
	{
		MyStack new_node = new MyStack(node);
		new_node.next = top;
		top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	public void pop()
	{
		if (top != null)
		{
			MyStack remove = top;
			top = top.next;
			remove.next = null;
			remove.element = null;
			remove = null;
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		//Make object of Binary Tree
		BinaryTree obj = new BinaryTree();
		/*  Make A Binary Tree
		-----------------------
		        17
		      /    \
		    11      21
		   / \     /  \
		  1   39  10   9
		     /          \
		    40           2
		*/
		//insertion of binary Tree nodes
		obj.root = new Node(17);
		obj.root.left = new Node(11);
		obj.root.right = new Node(21);
		obj.root.right.right = new Node(9);
		obj.root.right.right.right = new Node(2);
		obj.root.right.left = new Node(10);
		obj.root.left.left = new Node(1);
		obj.root.left.right = new Node(39);
		obj.root.left.right.left = new Node(40);
		System.out.print("Leaf node is : ");
		//Display Tree elements
		obj.print_leaf_node();
	}
}

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
/* 
C++ Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Include header file
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	public: int data;
	Node * left, * right;
	//make a tree node
	Node(int data)
	{
		//Assign field values
		this->data = data;
		this->left = NULL;
		this->right = NULL;
	}
};
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	public: Node * element;
	MyStack * next;
	MyStack(Node * element)
	{
		this->element = element;
		this->next = NULL;
	}
};
class BinaryTree
{
	public: Node * root;
	MyStack * top;
	BinaryTree()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		this->root = NULL;
		this->top = NULL;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	void print_leaf_node()
	{
		if (this->root != NULL)
		{
			Node * temp = this->root;
			while (this->top != NULL || temp != NULL)
			{
				if (temp != NULL)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp->left == NULL && temp->right == NULL)
					{
						cout << " " << temp->data << " ";
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					this->push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp->left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = this->top->element;
					//remove MyStack element
					this->pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp->right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			cout << "Empty Linked List\n";
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	void push(Node * node)
	{
		MyStack * new_node = new MyStack(node);
		new_node->next = this->top;
		this->top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	void pop()
	{
		if (this->top != NULL)
		{
			MyStack * remove = this->top;
			this->top = this->top->next;
			remove->next = NULL;
			remove->element = NULL;
			remove = NULL;
		}
	}
};
int main()
{
	//Make object of Binary Tree
	BinaryTree obj = BinaryTree();
	/*  Make A Binary Tree
			-----------------------
			        17
			      /    \
			    11      21
			   / \     /  \
			  1   39  10   9
			     /          \
			    40           2
			*/
	//insertion of binary Tree nodes
	obj.root = new Node(17);
	obj.root->left = new Node(11);
	obj.root->right = new Node(21);
	obj.root->right->right = new Node(9);
	obj.root->right->right->right = new Node(2);
	obj.root->right->left = new Node(10);
	obj.root->left->left = new Node(1);
	obj.root->left->right = new Node(39);
	obj.root->left->right->left = new Node(40);
	cout << "Leaf node is : ";
	//Display Tree elements
	obj.print_leaf_node();
	return 0;
}

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
/* 
C# Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Include namespace system
using System;
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	public int data;
	public Node left, right;
	//make a tree node
	public Node(int data)
	{
		//Assign field values
		this.data = data;
		this.left = null;
		this.right = null;
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	public Node element;
	public MyStack next;
	public MyStack(Node element)
	{
		this.element = element;
		this.next = null;
	}
}
class BinaryTree
{
	public Node root;
	private MyStack top;
	public BinaryTree()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		this.root = null;
		this.top = null;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	public void print_leaf_node()
	{
		if (this.root != null)
		{
			Node temp = this.root;
			while (this.top != null || temp != null)
			{
				if (temp != null)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == null && temp.right == null)
					{
						Console.Write(" " + temp.data + " ");
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					this.push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = this.top.element;
					//remove MyStack element
					this.pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			Console.Write("Empty Linked List\n");
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	public void push(Node node)
	{
		MyStack new_node = new MyStack(node);
		new_node.next = top;
		top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	public void pop()
	{
		if (top != null)
		{
			MyStack remove = top;
			top = top.next;
			remove.next = null;
			remove.element = null;
			remove = null;
		}
	}
	public static void Main(String[] args)
	{
		//Make object of Binary Tree
		BinaryTree obj = new BinaryTree();
		/*  Make A Binary Tree
				-----------------------
				        17
				      /    \
				    11      21
				   / \     /  \
				  1   39  10   9
				     /          \
				    40           2
				*/
		//insertion of binary Tree nodes
		obj.root = new Node(17);
		obj.root.left = new Node(11);
		obj.root.right = new Node(21);
		obj.root.right.right = new Node(9);
		obj.root.right.right.right = new Node(2);
		obj.root.right.left = new Node(10);
		obj.root.left.left = new Node(1);
		obj.root.left.right = new Node(39);
		obj.root.left.right.left = new Node(40);
		Console.Write("Leaf node is : ");
		//Display Tree elements
		obj.print_leaf_node();
	}
}

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
<?php
/* 
Php Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	public $data;
	public $left;
	public $right;
	//make a tree node
	function __construct($data)
	{
		//Assign field values
		$this->data = $data;
		$this->left = null;
		$this->right = null;
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	public $element;
	public $next;

	function __construct($element)
	{
		$this->element = $element;
		$this->next = null;
	}
}
class BinaryTree
{
	public $root;
	public $top;

	function __construct()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		$this->root = null;
		$this->top = null;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	public	function print_leaf_node()
	{
		if ($this->root != null)
		{
			$temp = $this->root;
			while ($this->top != null || $temp != null)
			{
				if ($temp != null)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if ($temp->left == null && $temp->right == null)
					{
						echo " ". $temp->data ." ";
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					$this->push($temp);
					//visit left subtree
					$temp = $temp->left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					$temp = $this->top->element;
					//remove MyStack element
					$this->pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					$temp = $temp->right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			echo "Empty Linked List\n";
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	public	function push($node)
	{
		$new_node = new MyStack($node);
		$new_node->next = $this->top;
		$this->top = $new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	public	function pop()
	{
		if ($this->top != null)
		{
			$remove = $this->top;
			$this->top = $this->top->next;
			$remove->next = null;
			$remove->element = null;
			$remove = null;
		}
	}
}

function main()
{
	//Make object of Binary Tree
	$obj = new BinaryTree();
	/*  Make A Binary Tree
			-----------------------
			        17
			      /    \
			    11      21
			   / \     /  \
			  1   39  10   9
			     /          \
			    40           2
			*/
	//insertion of binary Tree nodes
	$obj->root = new Node(17);
	$obj->root->left = new Node(11);
	$obj->root->right = new Node(21);
	$obj->root->right->right = new Node(9);
	$obj->root->right->right->right = new Node(2);
	$obj->root->right->left = new Node(10);
	$obj->root->left->left = new Node(1);
	$obj->root->left->right = new Node(39);
	$obj->root->left->right->left = new Node(40);
	echo "Leaf node is : ";
	//Display Tree elements
	$obj->print_leaf_node();
}
main();

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
/* 
Node Js Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	;
	//make a tree node
	constructor(data)
	{
		//Assign field values
		this.data = data;
		this.left = null;
		this.right = null;
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	constructor(element)
	{
		this.element = element;
		this.next = null;
	}
}
class BinaryTree
{
	constructor()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		this.root = null;
		this.top = null;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	print_leaf_node()
	{
		if (this.root != null)
		{
			var temp = this.root;
			while (this.top != null || temp != null)
			{
				if (temp != null)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == null && temp.right == null)
					{
						process.stdout.write(" " + temp.data + " ");
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					this.push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = this.top.element;
					//remove MyStack element
					this.pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			process.stdout.write("Empty Linked List\n");
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	push(node)
	{
		var new_node = new MyStack(node);
		new_node.next = this.top;
		this.top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	pop()
	{
		if (this.top != null)
		{
			var remove = this.top;
			this.top = this.top.next;
			remove.next = null;
			remove.element = null;
			remove = null;
		}
	}
}

function main()
{
	//Make object of Binary Tree
	var obj = new BinaryTree();
	/*  Make A Binary Tree
			-----------------------
			        17
			      /    \
			    11      21
			   / \     /  \
			  1   39  10   9
			     /          \
			    40           2
			*/
	//insertion of binary Tree nodes
	obj.root = new Node(17);
	obj.root.left = new Node(11);
	obj.root.right = new Node(21);
	obj.root.right.right = new Node(9);
	obj.root.right.right.right = new Node(2);
	obj.root.right.left = new Node(10);
	obj.root.left.left = new Node(1);
	obj.root.left.right = new Node(39);
	obj.root.left.right.left = new Node(40);
	process.stdout.write("Leaf node is : ");
	//Display Tree elements
	obj.print_leaf_node();
}
main();

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
# Python 3 Program 
# Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
# By Using Stack 

# Binary Tree node
class Node :
	
	# make a tree node
	def __init__(self, data) :
		# Assign field values
		self.data = data
		self.left = None
		self.right = None
	

# Define a Stack Class
class MyStack :
	
	def __init__(self, element) :
		self.element = element
		self.next = None
	

class BinaryTree :
	
	def __init__(self) :
		# set initial tree root to null
		self.root = None
		self.top = None
	
	# print leaf nodes of binary tree
	def print_leaf_node(self) :
		if (self.root != None) :
			temp = self.root
			while (self.top != None or temp != None) :
				if (temp != None) :
					# When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					# Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == None and temp.right == None) :
						print(" ", temp.data ," ", end = "")
					
					# add tree node into MyStack
					self.push(temp)
					# visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left
				else :
					# When current tree node is NULL 
					# Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = self.top.element
					# remove MyStack element
					self.pop()
					# visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right
				
			
		else :
			print("Empty Linked List\n", end = "")
		
	
	# remove top element of stack
	def push(self, node) :
		new_node = MyStack(node)
		new_node.next = self.top
		self.top = new_node
	
	# remove top element of the stack
	def pop(self) :
		if (self.top != None) :
			remove = self.top
			self.top = self.top.next
			remove.next = None
			remove.element = None
			remove = None
		
	

def main() :
	# Make object of Binary Tree
	obj = BinaryTree()
	#   Make A Binary Tree
	# 		-----------------------
	# 		        17
	# 		      /    \
	# 		    11      21
	# 		   / \     /  \
	# 		  1   39  10   9
	# 		     /          \
	# 		    40           2
	# 		
	
	# insertion of binary Tree nodes
	obj.root = Node(17)
	obj.root.left = Node(11)
	obj.root.right = Node(21)
	obj.root.right.right = Node(9)
	obj.root.right.right.right = Node(2)
	obj.root.right.left = Node(10)
	obj.root.left.left = Node(1)
	obj.root.left.right = Node(39)
	obj.root.left.right.left = Node(40)
	print("Leaf node is : ", end = "")
	# Display Tree elements
	obj.print_leaf_node()

if __name__ == "__main__": main()

Output

Leaf node is :   1    40    10    2
# Ruby Program 
# Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
# By Using Stack 

# Binary Tree node
class Node 

	# Define the accessor and reader of class Node  
	attr_reader :data, :left, :right
	attr_accessor :data, :left, :right


	
	# make a tree node
	def initialize(data)
	
		# Assign field values
		self.data = data
		self.left = nil
		self.right = nil
	end
end
# Define a Stack Class
class MyStack 

	# Define the accessor and reader of class MyStack  
	attr_reader :element, :next
	attr_accessor :element, :next


	
	def initialize(element)
	
		self.element = element
		self.next = nil
	end
end
class BinaryTree 

	# Define the accessor and reader of class BinaryTree  
	attr_reader :root, :top
	attr_accessor :root, :top


	
	def initialize()
	
		# set initial tree root to null
		self.root = nil
		self.top = nil
	end
	# print leaf nodes of binary tree
	def print_leaf_node()
	
		if (self.root != nil)
		
			temp = self.root
			while (self.top != nil || temp != nil)
			
				if (temp != nil)
				
					# When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					# Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == nil && temp.right == nil)
					
						print(" ", temp.data ," ")
					end
					# add tree node into MyStack
					self.push(temp)
					# visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left
				else
				
					# When current tree node is NULL 
					# Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = self.top.element
					# remove MyStack element
					self.pop()
					# visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right
				end
			end
		else
		
			print("Empty Linked List\n")
		end
	end
	# remove top element of stack
	def push(node)
	
		new_node = MyStack.new(node)
		new_node.next = @top
		@top = new_node
	end
	# remove top element of the stack
	def pop()
	
		if (@top != nil)
		
			remove = @top
			@top = @top.next
			remove.next = nil
			remove.element = nil
			remove = nil
		end
	end
end
def main()

	# Make object of Binary Tree
	obj = BinaryTree.new()
	#   Make A Binary Tree
	# 		-----------------------
	# 		        17
	# 		      /    \
	# 		    11      21
	# 		   / \     /  \
	# 		  1   39  10   9
	# 		     /          \
	# 		    40           2
	# 		
	
	# insertion of binary Tree nodes
	obj.root = Node.new(17)
	obj.root.left = Node.new(11)
	obj.root.right = Node.new(21)
	obj.root.right.right = Node.new(9)
	obj.root.right.right.right = Node.new(2)
	obj.root.right.left = Node.new(10)
	obj.root.left.left = Node.new(1)
	obj.root.left.right = Node.new(39)
	obj.root.left.right.left = Node.new(40)
	print("Leaf node is : ")
	# Display Tree elements
	obj.print_leaf_node()
end
main()

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2 
/* 
Scala Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Binary Tree node
class Node(var data: Int,
	var left: Node,
		var right: Node)
{
	;
	//make a tree node
	def this(data: Int)
	{
		//Assign field values
		this(data,null,null);
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack(var element: Node,
	var next: MyStack)
{
	def this(element: Node)
	{
		this(element,null);
	}
}
class BinaryTree(var root: Node,
	var top: MyStack)
{
	def this()
	{
		this(null,null);
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	def print_leaf_node(): Unit = {
		if (this.root != null)
		{
			var temp: Node = this.root;
			while (this.top != null || temp != null)
			{
				if (temp != null)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp.left == null && temp.right == null)
					{
						print(" " + temp.data + " ");
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					this.push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp.left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = this.top.element;
					//remove MyStack element
					this.pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp.right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			print("Empty Linked List\n");
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	def push(node: Node): Unit = {
		var new_node: MyStack = new MyStack(node);
		new_node.next = top;
		top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	def pop(): Unit = {
		if (top != null)
		{
			var remove: MyStack = top;
			top = top.next;
			remove.next = null;
			remove.element = null;
			remove = null;
		}
	}
}
object Main
{
	def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
		//Make object of Binary Tree
		var obj: BinaryTree = new BinaryTree();
		/*  Make A Binary Tree
				-----------------------
				        17
				      /    \
				    11      21
				   / \     /  \
				  1   39  10   9
				     /          \
				    40           2
				*/
		//insertion of binary Tree nodes
		obj.root = new Node(17);
		obj.root.left = new Node(11);
		obj.root.right = new Node(21);
		obj.root.right.right = new Node(9);
		obj.root.right.right.right = new Node(2);
		obj.root.right.left = new Node(10);
		obj.root.left.left = new Node(1);
		obj.root.left.right = new Node(39);
		obj.root.left.right.left = new Node(40);
		print("Leaf node is : ");
		//Display Tree elements
		obj.print_leaf_node();
	}
}

Output

Leaf node is :  1  40  10  2
/* 
Swift Program 
Print all leaf nodes of a binary tree
By Using Stack 
*/
//Binary Tree node
class Node
{
	var data: Int;
	var left: Node? ;
	var right: Node? ;
	//make a tree node
	init(_ data: Int)
	{
		//Assign field values
		self.data = data;
		self.left = nil;
		self.right = nil;
	}
}
//Define a Stack Class
class MyStack
{
	var element: Node? ;
	var next: MyStack? ;
	init(_ element: Node? )
	{
		self.element = element;
		self.next = nil;
	}
}
class BinaryTree
{
	var root: Node? ;
	var top: MyStack? ;
	init()
	{
		//set initial tree root to null
		self.root = nil;
		self.top = nil;
	}
	//print leaf nodes of binary tree
	func print_leaf_node()
	{
		if (self.root != nil)
		{
			var temp: Node? = self.root;
			while (self.top != nil || temp != nil)
			{
				if (temp != nil)
				{
					//When current temp node of tree is not NULL
					//Check that whether node is leaf node or not
					if (temp!.left == nil && temp!.right == nil)
					{
						print(" ", temp!.data ," ", terminator: "");
					}
					//add tree node into MyStack
					self.push(temp);
					//visit left subtree
					temp = temp!.left;
				}
				else
				{
					//When current tree node is NULL 
					//Fetch a top element of MyStack
					temp = self.top!.element;
					//remove MyStack element
					self.pop();
					//visit right-subtree
					temp = temp!.right;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			print("Empty Linked List\n", terminator: "");
		}
	}
	//remove top element of stack
	func push(_ node: Node? )
	{
		let new_node: MyStack? = MyStack(node);
		new_node!.next = self.top;
		self.top = new_node;
	}
	//remove top element of the stack
	func pop()
	{
		if (self.top != nil)
		{
			var remove: MyStack? = self.top;
			self.top = self.top!.next;
			remove!.next = nil;
			remove!.element = nil;
			remove = nil;
		}
	}
}
func main()
{
	//Make object of Binary Tree
	let obj: BinaryTree = BinaryTree();
	/*  Make A Binary Tree
			-----------------------
			        17
			      /    \
			    11      21
			   / \     /  \
			  1   39  10   9
			     /          \
			    40           2
			*/
	//insertion of binary Tree nodes
	obj.root = Node(17);
	obj.root!.left = Node(11);
	obj.root!.right = Node(21);
	obj.root!.right!.right = Node(9);
	obj.root!.right!.right!.right = Node(2);
	obj.root!.right!.left = Node(10);
	obj.root!.left!.left = Node(1);
	obj.root!.left!.right = Node(39);
	obj.root!.left!.right!.left = Node(40);
	print("Leaf node is : ", terminator: "");
	//Display Tree elements
	obj.print_leaf_node();
}
main();

Output

Leaf node is :   1    40    10    2
Last updated on by Kalkicode




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