Insert value in sorted way of doubly linked list

The problem at hand revolves around inserting values into a doubly linked list in a sorted order. A doubly linked list is a linear data structure in which elements are stored as nodes. Each node has a value (data), a reference to the next node (next), and a reference to the previous node (prev). Sorting means arranging elements in a specific order, such as ascending or descending, based on their values.

Problem Statement

We are given a doubly linked list and want to insert new values into it while maintaining the sorted order. The sorted order implies that the values in the list should be arranged in ascending order from the head to the tail.

Example

Let's consider an example to illustrate the problem. Suppose we have an initially empty doubly linked list. We want to insert the values 5, 3, 11, 4, 6, 1, 8, and 12 into the list. After inserting these values, the doubly linked list should look like this:

Linked List Head to Tail: 1 3 4 5 6 8 11 12 Linked List Tail to Head: 12 11 8 6 5 4 3 1

Idea to Solve

To solve this problem, we need to traverse the existing sorted doubly linked list and find the appropriate position to insert the new value while maintaining the sorted order. We can start at the head of the list and compare the value of the current node with the value to be inserted. We continue moving forward until we find the correct position for insertion.

Pseudocode

Here's the pseudocode that outlines the algorithm to insert a value into a sorted doubly linked list:

function insert(sortedList, value):
    node = createNode(value)
    if sortedList.head is null:
        sortedList.head = node
    else if sortedList.head.data >= node.data:
        node.next = sortedList.head
        sortedList.head.prev = node
        sortedList.head = node
    else:
        current = sortedList.head
        while current is not null and current.next is not null and current.next.data <= value:
            current = current.next
        node.next = current.next
        if current.next is not null:
            current.next.prev = node
        node.prev = current
        current.next = node

Algorithm Explanation

• We start by creating a new node with the value to be inserted.
• If the sorted list is empty (head is null), we simply assign the new node as the head.
• If the head of the list has a value greater than or equal to the value of the new node, we insert the new node at the beginning of the list.
• Otherwise, we traverse the list using the current pointer until we find a node with a value greater than the value of the new node or until we reach the end of the list.
• We then adjust the pointers of the neighboring nodes to insert the new node in its appropriate position.

Code Solution

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Resultant Output Explanation

After inserting the given values into the doubly linked list using the described algorithm, the list becomes: 1 3 4 5 6 8 11 12. The head-to-tail and tail-to-head traversal outputs are as mentioned in the example output.

Time Complexity

• In the worst case, when the value needs to be inserted at the end of the list, the algorithm performs a linear traversal of the list.
• The worst-case time complexity of the insertion algorithm is O(n), where n is the number of nodes in the linked list.