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Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree

Find closest element in BST node

Here given code implementation process.

//C Program 
//Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//structure of Binary Search Tree node
struct Node
{
  int data;
  struct Node *left,*right; 
};

//Adding a new node in binary search tree
void add( struct Node **root, int data)
{
  //Create a dynamic node of binary search tree 
  struct Node *new_node = (struct Node *)malloc(sizeof(struct Node ));

  if(new_node!=NULL)
  {
    //Set data and pointer values
    new_node->data = data;
    new_node->left = NULL; //Initially node left-pointer is NULL
    new_node->right = NULL;//Initially node right-pointer is NULL

    if(*root == NULL)
    {
      //When adds a first node in binary tree
      *root = new_node;
    }
    else
    {
      struct Node *find = *root;
      //iterate binary tree and add new node to proper position
      while(find != NULL)
      {
        if(find -> data > data)
        { 
          if(find->left==NULL)
          {
            find->left = new_node;
            break;
          }
          else
          { //visit left sub-tree
            find = find->left;
          }
        }
        else
        {
          if(find->right == NULL)
          {
            find->right = new_node;
            break;
          }
          else
          {
            //visit right sub-tree
            find = find->right;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }else
  {
    printf("Memory Overflow\n");
    exit(0); //Terminate program execution
  }

}
void find_element(struct Node*root,struct Node**prev,int element)
{
  
  if(root!=NULL)
  {
  
    find_element(root->right,prev,element);
    if(root->data==element)
    {
      if(*prev!=NULL)
      {
        printf("%d",(*prev)->data);
      }
      else
      {
        printf("NULL");
      }
      return;
    }
    *prev=root;
    find_element(root->left,prev,element);
  }
}
void inorder_successor(struct Node*root,int element)
{
  if(root != NULL)
  {
    
   struct Node*prev=NULL; 
   printf("\n Node %d inorder successor => ",element);
   find_element(root,&prev,element);
   printf("\n");
  }
 
 
}

int main(){
    
  struct Node*root = NULL;

  //Add nodes in binary search tree
  /*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    8   11
       / \   /   /      \
     -3  2  4   7       12


  */                


    add(&root,6); 
    add(&root,3); 
    add(&root,9); 
    add(&root,1); 
    add(&root,5); 
    add(&root,8); 
    add(&root,11); 
    add(&root,-3); 
    add(&root,2); 
    add(&root,7); 
    add(&root,12);
    add(&root,4);  
  
    inorder_successor(root,3);
    inorder_successor(root,6);
    inorder_successor(root,12);
    inorder_successor(root,7);
  return 0;
}

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => NULL

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

/*
 C++ Program
 Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
*/

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;
class Node {
  public:
  int data;
  Node *left;
  Node *right;
  Node(int value) {
    this->data = value;
    this->left = NULL;
    this->right = NULL;
  }
};
class BinarySearchTree {
public:
  Node *root;
  Node *result;
  BinarySearchTree() {
    this->root = NULL;
    this->result = NULL;
  }
  void add(int value) {
    Node *new_node = new Node(value);
    if (new_node != NULL) {
      if (this->root == NULL) {
        this->root = new_node;
      } else {
        Node *find = this->root;
        while (find != NULL) {
          if (find->data >= value) {
            if (find->left == NULL) {
              find->left = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              find = find->left;
            }
          } else {
            if (find->right == NULL) {
              find->right = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              find = find->right;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      cout << ("\nMemory Overflow\n");
    }
  }
  void find_element(Node *head, int element) {
    if (head != NULL) {
      this->find_element(head->right, element);
      if (head->data == element) {
        if (this->result != NULL) {
          cout << this->result->data << " \n";
        } else {
          cout << "null\n";
        }
        return;
      }
      this->result = head;
      this->find_element(head->left, element);
    }
  }
  void inorder_successor(int element) {
    if (this->root != NULL) {
      this->result = NULL;
      cout << "\n Node " << element << " inorder successor => ";
      this->find_element(this->root, element);
    }
  }

};

int main() {
  BinarySearchTree obj;
  /*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    8   11
       / \   /   /      \
     -3  2  4   7       12


  */  
  obj.add(6);
  obj.add(3);
  obj.add(9);
  obj.add(1);
  obj.add(5);
  obj.add(7);
  obj.add(8);
  obj.add(11);
  obj.add(-3);
  obj.add(2);
  obj.add(12);
  obj.add(4);
  obj.inorder_successor(3);
  obj.inorder_successor(6);
  obj.inorder_successor(12);
  obj.inorder_successor(7);
  return 0;
}

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => NULL

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

//Java program
//Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree

class Node {
  public int data;
  public Node left;
  public Node right;

  public Node(int value) {
    data = value;
    left = null;
    right = null;
  }
}
public class BinarySearchTree {


  public Node root;
  public Node result;
  BinarySearchTree() {
    root = null;
    result = null;

  }
  //insert a node in BST
  public void add(int value) {
    //Create a dynamic node of binary search tree 
    Node new_node = new Node(value);

    if (new_node != null) {
      if (root == null) {
        //When adds a first node in binary tree
        root = new_node;
      } else {
        Node find = root;

        //add new node to proper position
        while (find != null) {
          if (find.data >= value) {
            if (find.left == null) {
              find.left = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              //visit left sub-tree
              find = find.left;
            }
          } else {
            if (find.right == null) {
              find.right = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              //visit right sub-tree
              find = find.right;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      System.out.print("\nMemory Overflow\n");
    }
  }
public void  find_element(Node head,int element)
{
  
  if(head!=null)
  {
  
    find_element(head.right,element);

    if(head.data==element)
    {
      if(this.result!=null)
      {
        System.out.print(this.result.data+" \n");
      }
      else
      {
        System.out.print("null\n");
      }
      return;
    }
    this.result = head;
    find_element(head.left,element);
  }
}
public void  inorder_successor(int element)
{
  if(this.root != null)
  {
    
   this.result=null; 

    System.out.print("\n Node "+element+" inorder successor => ");
   find_element(this.root,element);
   
  }
 
 
}
  public static void main(String[] args) {

    BinarySearchTree obj = new BinarySearchTree();
    //Add nodes in binary search tree
  /*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    7   11
       / \   /     \    \
     -3  2  4       8   12


  */                


  obj.add(6); 
  obj.add(3); 
  obj.add(9); 
  obj.add(1); 
  obj.add(5); 
  obj.add(7); 
  obj.add(8); 
  obj.add(11); 
  obj.add(-3); 
  obj.add(2); 
  
  obj.add(12);
  obj.add(4);  

  obj.inorder_successor(3);
  obj.inorder_successor(6);
  obj.inorder_successor(12);
  obj.inorder_successor(7);

  }
}

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => NULL

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

//C# program
//Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
using System;
public class Node {
	public int data;
	public Node left;
	public Node right;

	public Node(int value) {
		data = value;
		left = null;
		right = null;
	}
}
public class BinarySearchTree {


	public Node root;
	public Node result;
	BinarySearchTree() {
		root = null;
		result = null;

	}
	//insert a node in BST
	public void add(int value) {
		//Create a dynamic node of binary search tree 
		Node new_node = new Node(value);

		if (new_node != null) {
			if (root == null) {
				//When adds a first node in binary tree
				root = new_node;
			} else {
				Node find = root;

				//add new node to proper position
				while (find != null) {
					if (find.data >= value) {
						if (find.left == null) {
							find.left = new_node;
							break;
						} else {
							//visit left sub-tree
							find = find.left;
						}
					} else {
						if (find.right == null) {
							find.right = new_node;
							break;
						} else {
							//visit right sub-tree
							find = find.right;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			Console.Write("\nMemory Overflow\n");
		}
	}
	public void  find_element(Node head,int element)
	{

		if(head!=null)
		{

			find_element(head.right,element);

			if(head.data==element)
			{
				if(this.result!=null)
				{
					Console.Write(this.result.data+" \n");
				}
				else
				{
					Console.Write("null\n");
				}
				return;
			}
			this.result = head;
			find_element(head.left,element);
		}
	}
	public void  inorder_successor(int element)
	{
		if(this.root != null)
		{

			this.result=null; 

			Console.Write("\n Node "+element+" inorder successor => ");
			find_element(this.root,element);

		}


	}
	public static void Main(String[] args) {

		BinarySearchTree obj = new BinarySearchTree();
		//Add nodes in binary search tree
		/*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    7   11
       / \   /     \    \
     -3  2  4       8   12


  */                


		obj.add(6); 
		obj.add(3); 
		obj.add(9); 
		obj.add(1); 
		obj.add(5); 
		obj.add(7); 
		obj.add(8); 
		obj.add(11); 
		obj.add(-3); 
		obj.add(2); 

		obj.add(12);
		obj.add(4);  

		obj.inorder_successor(3);
		obj.inorder_successor(6);
		obj.inorder_successor(12);
		obj.inorder_successor(7);

	}
}

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => NULL

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

# Python 3 Program
# Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree

class Node :

  def __init__(self, value) :
    self.data = value
    self.left = None
    self.right = None
  

class BinarySearchTree :

  def __init__(self) :
    self.root = None
    self.result = None
  
  def add(self, value) :
    new_node = Node(value)
    if (new_node != None) :
      if (self.root == None) :
        self.root = new_node
      else :
        find = self.root
        while (find != None) :
          if (find.data >= value) :
            if (find.left == None) :
              find.left = new_node
              break
            else :
              find = find.left
            
          else :
            if (find.right == None) :
              find.right = new_node
              break
            else :
              find = find.right
            
          
        
      
    else :
      print("\nMemory Overflow\n")
    
  
  def find_element(self, head, element) :
    if (head != None) :
      self.find_element(head.right, element)
      if (head.data == element) :
        if (self.result != None) :
          print(self.result.data )
        else :
          print("None")
        
        return
      
      self.result = head
      self.find_element(head.left, element)
    
  
  def inorder_successor(self, element) :
    if (self.root != None) :
      self.result = None
      print("\n Node ", element ," inorder successor => ",end="  ")
      self.find_element(self.root, element)
    
  
def main() :
  obj = BinarySearchTree()
  #
  #              6
  #            /    \
  #           /      \
  #          3        9
  #         /  \      / \
  #        1    5    8   11
  #       / \   /   /      \
  #     -3  2  4   7       12
  #  
  obj.add(6)
  obj.add(3)
  obj.add(9)
  obj.add(1)
  obj.add(5)
  obj.add(7)
  obj.add(8)
  obj.add(11)
  obj.add(-3)
  obj.add(2)
  obj.add(12)
  obj.add(4)
  obj.inorder_successor(3)
  obj.inorder_successor(6)
  obj.inorder_successor(12)
  obj.inorder_successor(7)
  

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => None

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

# Ruby Program
# Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree

class Node 
	attr_reader :data, :left, :right
	attr_accessor :data, :left, :right
	def initialize(value) 
		@data = value
		@left = nil
		@right = nil
	end
end

class BinarySearchTree 
	attr_reader :root, :result
	attr_accessor :root, :result
	def initialize() 
		@root = nil
		@result = nil
	end
	def add(value) 
		new_node = Node.new(value)
		if (new_node != nil) 
			if (@root == nil) 
				@root = new_node
			else 
				find = @root
				while (find != nil) 
					if (find.data >= value) 
						if (find.left == nil) 
							find.left = new_node
							break
						else 
							find = find.left
						end
					else 
						if (find.right == nil) 
							find.right = new_node
							break
						else 
							find = find.right
						end
					end
				end
			end
		else 
			print("\nMemory Overflow\n")
		end
	end
	def find_element(head, element) 
		if (head != nil) 
			self.find_element(head.right, element)
			if (head.data == element) 
				if (self.result != nil) 
					print(self.result.data ," \n")
				else 
					print("null\n")
				end
				return
			end
			self.result = head
			self.find_element(head.left, element)
		end
	end
	def inorder_successor(element) 
		if (self.root != nil) 
			self.result = nil
			print("\n Node ", element ," inorder successor => ")
			self.find_element(self.root, element)
		end
	end
end

def main() 
	obj = BinarySearchTree.new()
	#
	#              6
	#            /    \
	#           /      \
	#          3        9
	#         /  \      / \
	#        1    5    8   11
	#       / \   /   /      \
	#     -3  2  4   7       12
	#  
	obj.add(6)
	obj.add(3)
	obj.add(9)
	obj.add(1)
	obj.add(5)
	obj.add(7)
	obj.add(8)
	obj.add(11)
	obj.add(-3)
	obj.add(2)
	obj.add(12)
	obj.add(4)
	obj.inorder_successor(3)
	obj.inorder_successor(6)
	obj.inorder_successor(12)
	obj.inorder_successor(7)
end
main()

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => null

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

<?php
/*
 Php Program
 Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
*/

class Node {
  public $data;
  public $left;
  public $right;

  function __construct($value) {
    $this->data = $value;
    $this->left = null;
    $this->right = null;
  }
}
class BinarySearchTree {
  public $root;
  public $result;

  function __construct() {
    $this->root = null;
    $this->result = null;
  }
  public  function add($value) {
    $new_node = new Node($value);
    if ($new_node != null) {
      if ($this->root == null) {
        $this->root = $new_node;
      } else {
        $find = $this->root;
        while ($find != null) {
          if ($find->data >= $value) {
            if ($find->left == null) {
              $find->left = $new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              $find = $find->left;
            }
          } else {
            if ($find->right == null) {
              $find->right = $new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              $find = $find->right;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      echo("\nMemory Overflow\n");
    }
  }
  public  function find_element($head, $element) {
    if ($head != null) {
      $this->find_element($head->right, $element);
      if ($head->data == $element) {
        if ($this->result != null) {
          echo($this->result->data ." \n");
        } else {
          echo("null\n");
        }
        return;
      }
      $this->result = $head;
      $this->find_element($head->left, $element);
    }
  }
  public  function inorder_successor($element) {
    if ($this->root != null) {
      $this->result = null;
      echo("\n Node ". $element ." inorder successor => ");
      $this->find_element($this->root, $element);
    }
  }
}
function main() {
  $obj = new BinarySearchTree();
  /*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    8   11
       / \   /   /      \
     -3  2  4   7       12


  */  
  $obj->add(6);
  $obj->add(3);
  $obj->add(9);
  $obj->add(1);
  $obj->add(5);
  $obj->add(7);
  $obj->add(8);
  $obj->add(11);
  $obj->add(-3);
  $obj->add(2);
  $obj->add(12);
  $obj->add(4);
  $obj->inorder_successor(3);
  $obj->inorder_successor(6);
  $obj->inorder_successor(12);
  $obj->inorder_successor(7);
}
main();

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => null

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

/*
 Node Js Program
 Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
*/

class Node {
	
	constructor(value) {
		this.data = value;
		this.left = null;
		this.right = null;
	}
}
class BinarySearchTree {
	
	constructor() {
		this.root = null;
		this.result = null;
	}
	add(value) {
		var new_node = new Node(value);
		if (new_node != null) {
			if (this.root == null) {
				this.root = new_node;
			} else {
				var find = this.root;
				while (find != null) {
					if (find.data >= value) {
						if (find.left == null) {
							find.left = new_node;
							break;
						} else {
							find = find.left;
						}
					} else {
						if (find.right == null) {
							find.right = new_node;
							break;
						} else {
							find = find.right;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			process.stdout.write("\nMemory Overflow\n");
		}
	}
	find_element(head, element) {
		if (head != null) {
			this.find_element(head.right, element);
			if (head.data == element) {
				if (this.result != null) {
					process.stdout.write(this.result.data + " \n");
				} else {
					process.stdout.write("null\n");
				}
				return;
			}
			this.result = head;
			this.find_element(head.left, element);
		}
	}
	inorder_successor(element) {
		if (this.root != null) {
			this.result = null;
			process.stdout.write("\n Node " + element + " inorder successor => ");
			this.find_element(this.root, element);
		}
	}
}

function main() {
	var obj = new BinarySearchTree();
	/*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    8   11
       / \   /   /      \
     -3  2  4   7       12


    */  
	obj.add(6);
	obj.add(3);
	obj.add(9);
	obj.add(1);
	obj.add(5);
	obj.add(7);
	obj.add(8);
	obj.add(11);
	obj.add(-3);
	obj.add(2);
	obj.add(12);
	obj.add(4);
	obj.inorder_successor(3);
	obj.inorder_successor(6);
	obj.inorder_successor(12);
	obj.inorder_successor(7);
}


main();

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => null

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8

/*
 Swift 4 Program
 Inorder Successor in Binary Search Tree
*/

class Node {
  var data: Int;
  var left: Node? ;
  var right: Node? ;
  init(_ value: Int) {
    self.data = value;
    self.left = nil;
    self.right = nil;
  }
}
class BinarySearchTree {
  var root: Node? ;
  var result: Node? ;
  init() {
    self.root = nil;
    self.result = nil;
  }
  func add(_ value: Int) {
    let new_node: Node? = Node(value);
    if (new_node != nil) {
      if (self.root == nil) {
        self.root = new_node;
      } else {
        var find: Node? = self.root;
        while (find != nil) {
          if (find!.data >= value) {
            if (find!.left == nil) {
              find!.left = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              find = find!.left;
            }
          } else {
            if (find!.right == nil) {
              find!.right = new_node;
              break;
            } else {
              find = find!.right;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } else {
      print("\nMemory Overflow\n");
    }
  }
  func find_element(_ head: Node? , _ element : Int) {
    if (head != nil) {
      self.find_element(head!.right, element);
      if (head!.data == element) {
        if (self.result != nil) {
          print(self.result!.data );
        } else {
          print("nil");
        }
        return;
      }
      self.result = head;
      self.find_element(head!.left, element);
    }
  }
  func inorder_successor(_ element: Int) {
    if (self.root != nil) {
      self.result = nil;
      print("\n Node ", element ," inorder successor => ", terminator:"  ");
      self.find_element(self.root, element);
    }
  }
}
func main() {
  let obj: BinarySearchTree = BinarySearchTree();
  /*
              6
            /    \
           /      \
          3        9
         /  \      / \
        1    5    8   11
       / \   /   /      \
     -3  2  4   7       12


  */  
  obj.add(6);
  obj.add(3);
  obj.add(9);
  obj.add(1);
  obj.add(5);
  obj.add(7);
  obj.add(8);
  obj.add(11);
  obj.add(-3);
  obj.add(2);
  obj.add(12);
  obj.add(4);
  obj.inorder_successor(3);
  obj.inorder_successor(6);
  obj.inorder_successor(12);
  obj.inorder_successor(7);
}
main();

Output

 Node 3 inorder successor => 4

 Node 6 inorder successor => 7

 Node 12 inorder successor => nil

 Node 7 inorder successor => 8
Last updated on by Kalkicode




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