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Code Geometric

Find surface area of octahedron

An octahedron is a three-dimensional geometric shape with eight equilateral triangular faces. Finding the surface area of an octahedron involves calculating the total area of all its triangular faces. This calculation is important in geometry, architecture, and various engineering applications where octahedra are used to model certain structures and components.

Problem Statement

Given the length of a side (a) of the octahedron, the task is to calculate its surface area. The formula for finding the surface area of an octahedron in terms of its side length 'a' is:

Surface Area = 2 * √(3) * a²

Example Scenario

Suppose you are an architect designing a pavilion with a unique shape composed of octahedra. To estimate the amount of material needed to cover the structure, you need to calculate the surface area of each octahedron. This calculation helps ensure you have accurate cost estimates and materials planning.

Idea to Solve the Problem

To solve this problem, we can follow these steps:

  1. Accept the side length 'a' of the octahedron as an input.
  2. Use the formula to calculate the surface area of the octahedron.
  3. Display the calculated surface area.

Pseudocode

function octahedron_surface_area(a):
    area = 2 * √(3) * a²
    return area

main:
    a1 = 4.8
    a2 = 5
    a3 = 6.2
    
    area1 = octahedron_surface_area(a1)
    area2 = octahedron_surface_area(a2)
    area3 = octahedron_surface_area(a3)
    
    print("Octahedron [ Side :", a1, "]")
    print("Surface Area :", area1)
    
    print("Octahedron [ Side :", a2, "]")
    print("Surface Area :", area2)
    
    print("Octahedron [ Side :", a3, "]")
    print("Surface Area :", area3)

Algorithm Explanation

  1. Define a function octahedron_surface_area that takes the side length 'a' as an input.
  2. Inside the function, use the provided formula to calculate the surface area of the octahedron.
  3. In the main function, set three test cases with different side lengths 'a'.
  4. Calculate the surface areas for each test case by calling the octahedron_surface_area function.
  5. Display the calculated surface areas along with their respective side length values.

Code Solution

/*
  C Program 
  Find surface area of octahedron
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>

//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
void surface_area(double side)
{
	// Formula of octahedron surface area
	// 2 √(3) side²
	printf("\nGiven Side : %lf", side);
	//Calculate surface of octahedron
	double area = 2 * sqrt(3) * (side * side);
	printf("\nSurface area of octahedron : %lf\n", area);
}
int main()
{
	//Simple Case
	surface_area(4.8);
	surface_area(5);
	surface_area(6.2);
	return 0;
}

Output

Given Side : 4.800000
Surface area of octahedron : 79.812901

Given Side : 5.000000
Surface area of octahedron : 86.602540

Given Side : 6.200000
Surface area of octahedron : 133.160066
// Java Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	public void surface_area(double side)
	{
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		System.out.print("\nGiven Side : " + side);
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		double area = 2 * Math.sqrt(3) * (side * side);
		System.out.print("\nSurface area of octahedron : " + area + "\n");
	}
	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		Octahedron obj = new Octahedron();
		//Simple Case
		obj.surface_area(4.8);
		obj.surface_area(5);
		obj.surface_area(6.2);
	}
}

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.81290121277385

Given Side : 5.0
Surface area of octahedron : 86.60254037844386

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.1600660858953
// C++ Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
class Octahedron
{
	public:
		//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
		void surface_area(double side)
		{	
          
			// Formula of octahedron surface area
			// 2 √(3) side²
			cout << "\nGiven Side : " << side;
			//Calculate surface of octahedron
			double area = 2 * sqrt(3) * (side * side);
			cout << "\nSurface area of octahedron : " << area << "\n";
		}
};
int main()
{
	Octahedron obj;
	//Simple Case
	obj.surface_area(4.8);
	obj.surface_area(5);
	obj.surface_area(6.2);
	return 0;
}

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.8129

Given Side : 5
Surface area of octahedron : 86.6025

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.16
// C# Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
using System;
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	public void surface_area(double side)
	{
		Console.Write("\nGiven Side : " + side);
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		double area = 2 * Math.Sqrt(3) * (side * side);
		Console.Write("\nSurface area of octahedron : " + area + "\n");
	}
	public static void Main(String[] args)
	{
		Octahedron obj = new Octahedron();
		//Simple Case
		obj.surface_area(4.8);
		obj.surface_area(5);
		obj.surface_area(6.2);
	}
}

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.8129012127739

Given Side : 5
Surface area of octahedron : 86.6025403784439

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.160066085895
<?php
// Php Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	public	function surface_area($side)
	{
		echo "\nGiven Side : ". $side;
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		$area = 2 * sqrt(3) * ($side * $side);
		echo "\nSurface area of octahedron : ". $area ."\n";
	}
}

function main()
{
	$obj = new Octahedron();
	//Simple Case
	$obj->surface_area(4.8);
	$obj->surface_area(5);
	$obj->surface_area(6.2);
}
main();

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.812901212774

Given Side : 5
Surface area of octahedron : 86.602540378444

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.1600660859
// Node Js Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	surface_area(side)
	{
		process.stdout.write("\nGiven Side : " + side);
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		var area = 2 * Math.sqrt(3) * (side * side);
		process.stdout.write("\nSurface area of octahedron : " + area + "\n");
	}
}

function main()
{
	var obj = new Octahedron();
	//Simple Case
	obj.surface_area(4.8);
	obj.surface_area(5);
	obj.surface_area(6.2);
}
main();

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.81290121277385

Given Side : 5
Surface area of octahedron : 86.60254037844386

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.1600660858953
#  Python 3 Program
#  Find surface area of octahedron

import math

class Octahedron :
	# Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	def surface_area(self, side) :
		print("\nGiven Side : ", side, end = "")
		#  Formula of octahedron surface area
		#  2 √(3) side²
		# Calculate surface of octahedron
		area = 2 * math.sqrt(3) * (side * side)
		print("\nSurface area of octahedron : ", area ,"\n", end = "")
	

def main() :
	obj = Octahedron()
	# Simple Case
	obj.surface_area(4.8)
	obj.surface_area(5)
	obj.surface_area(6.2)

if __name__ == "__main__": main()

Output

Given Side :  4.8
Surface area of octahedron :  79.81290121277385

Given Side :  5
Surface area of octahedron :  86.60254037844386

Given Side :  6.2
Surface area of octahedron :  133.1600660858953
#  Ruby Program
#  Find surface area of octahedron
class Octahedron

	# Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	def surface_area(side)
	
		print("\nGiven Side : ", side)
		#  Formula of octahedron surface area
		#  2 √(3) side²
		# Calculate surface of octahedron
		area = 2 * Math.sqrt(3) * (side * side)
		print("\nSurface area of octahedron : ", area ,"\n")
	end
end
def main()

	obj = Octahedron.new()
	# Simple Case
	obj.surface_area(4.8)
	obj.surface_area(5)
	obj.surface_area(6.2)
end
main()

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.81290121277385

Given Side : 5
Surface area of octahedron : 86.60254037844386

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.1600660858953

// Scala Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	def surface_area(side: Double): Unit = {
		print("\nGiven Side : " + side);
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		var area: Double = 2 * Math.sqrt(3) * (side * side);
		print("\nSurface area of octahedron : " + area + "\n");
	}
}
object Main
{
	def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
		var obj: Octahedron = new Octahedron();
		//Simple Case
		obj.surface_area(4.8);
		obj.surface_area(5);
		obj.surface_area(6.2);
	}
}

Output

Given Side : 4.8
Surface area of octahedron : 79.81290121277385

Given Side : 5.0
Surface area of octahedron : 86.60254037844386

Given Side : 6.2
Surface area of octahedron : 133.1600660858953
// Swift Program
// Find surface area of octahedron
import Foundation
class Octahedron
{
	//Calculate surface area of octahedron by side
	func surface_area(_ side: Double)
	{
		print("\nGiven Side : ", side, terminator: "");
		// Formula of octahedron surface area
		// 2 √(3) side²
		//Calculate surface of octahedron
		let area: Double = 2 * sqrt(3) * (side * side);
		print("\nSurface area of octahedron : ", area ,"\n", terminator: "");
	}
}
func main()
{
	let obj: Octahedron = Octahedron();
	//Simple Case
	obj.surface_area(4.8);
	obj.surface_area(5);
	obj.surface_area(6.2);
}
main();

Output

Given Side :  4.8
Surface area of octahedron :  79.8129012127739

Given Side :  5.0
Surface area of octahedron :  86.6025403784439

Given Side :  6.2
Surface area of octahedron :  133.160066085895

Output Explanation

The code calculates the surface area for each test case and displays the results. For an octahedron with a side length 'a' = 4.8, the surface area is approximately 79.812901. Similarly, for side lengths 'a' = 5 and 'a' = 6.2, the surface areas are approximately 86.602540 and 133.160066, respectively.

Time Complexity

The time complexity of this code is constant O(1) because the calculations involve basic arithmetic operations and the use of square roots, which are computed in constant time regardless of the input size. The program performs a fixed number of operations for each test case, making it efficient.

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