Find Mother Vertex in a Graph

Mother Vertex in a Graph is a sequence of path or create a path which are goes to all other nodes. Generally there is possible one graph contains zero or more than one Mother Vertex. See this example.

Find Mother Vertex in a Graph

Here given code implementation process.

//C Program Find Mother Vertex in a Graph
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

struct AjlistNode{
    int vId;//Vertices id
    struct AjlistNode*next;
};

struct Graph{
    int data; //node key value
    struct AjlistNode*next;
};
void setData(struct Graph *);
int size; //number of nodes

//set node key value
void setData(struct Graph*node){
    if(node!=NULL && size>0){
        int index=0;
        for(index;index<size;index++){
            //set vertic node data
      node[index].data=index;//set node key
      //Initial no AjlistNode
      //set NULL Value
      node[index].next=NULL;
    }
  }else{
    printf("Vertic Node is Empty");
  }
}
//Add Edge from Two given Nodes
void addEdge(struct Graph*node, int V ,int E){
    //add edge form V to E
    //V and E is Node location
    if(V<size && E <size){
      //first create Adjacency node
        struct AjlistNode *newEdge=(struct AjlistNode*)malloc(sizeof(struct AjlistNode));
        if(newEdge!=NULL){
                        
            newEdge->next=NULL;
            newEdge->vId=E;

            struct AjlistNode *temp=node[V].next;

            if(temp==NULL){
                node[V].next=newEdge;
            }else{
                //Add node at last
                while(temp->next!=NULL){
                    temp=temp->next;
                }      
                temp->next=newEdge;          
            }
        }else{
            printf("\n Memory overflow");
        }
    }else{
        //not valid Vertices
        printf("Invalid Node Vertices %d  %d", V,E);
    }
}
//Display Adjacency list of vertex
void printGraph(struct Graph*node){
    if(node!=NULL){
        struct AjlistNode *temp=NULL;
        for(int index=0;index<size;index++){
            printf("\n Adjacency list of vertex %d  :",index);
            temp=node[index].next;
            while(temp!=NULL){
                //temp->vId is graph node vertices
                //in this case temp->vId is same as 
                //node[temp->vId].data
                
                printf("  %d",node[temp->vId].data);
                temp=temp->next;
            }
        }
    }else{
        printf("Empty Graph");
    }
}

void check_vertex(int point,int *visit,struct Graph*node){

    if(visit[point]==1){
        return;
    }else{
        visit[point]=1;
        struct AjlistNode *temp=node[point].next;
        while(temp!=NULL){
           check_vertex(temp->vId,visit,node); 
           temp=temp->next;
        }
    }
}
int main(){
    
    size=7;
    struct Graph*node=NULL;


    int *visit=(int*)calloc(size,sizeof(int));

    node=(struct Graph*)malloc(sizeof(struct Graph)*size);
    
    if(node==NULL){
        printf("\n Memory overflow");
    }else{
        //First set node keys
        setData(node); 

        //Connected two node with Edges
        addEdge(node,1,0);
        addEdge(node,1,4);
        addEdge(node,2,5);
        addEdge(node,3,1);
        addEdge(node,3,2);
        addEdge(node,3,6);
        addEdge(node,4,3);
        addEdge(node,5,0);
        
        printGraph(node);
        printf(" \nMother Vertex :");
        
        int test=0,status=1;

        while(test<size){
            status=1;
            check_vertex(test,visit,node);
            
            //When current node are visit other nodes
            //Then that is a Mother Vertex
            for(int index=0;index<size;index++){
                
                if(visit[index]!=1)
                {
                    status=0;
                }
                //reset element value
                visit[index]=0;
            }
            if(status==1){
                printf(" %d ",test);
            }
            test++;
        }
        
    }  
    return 0;
}

Output

 Adjacency list of vertex 0  :
 Adjacency list of vertex 1  :  0  4
 Adjacency list of vertex 2  :  5
 Adjacency list of vertex 3  :  1  2  6
 Adjacency list of vertex 4  :  3
 Adjacency list of vertex 5  :  0
 Adjacency list of vertex 6  : 
Mother Vertex : 1  3  4 
//C++ Program, Find Mother Vertex in a Graph
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
struct AjlistNode
{
    int vId;//Vertices id
    struct AjlistNode*next;
};
struct Vertices
{
    int data; //node key value
    struct AjlistNode*next;
};

class Graph
{
    Vertices *node;

public:
    int size;//number of node
    Graph(int);
    void setData();
    void addEdge(int,int);
    void printGraph();
    void check_vertex(int,int *);
};

Graph::Graph(int size)
{
    this->size=size;
        //set number of nodes
    node=new Vertices[size];
}
    //set node key value
void Graph:: setData()
{
    if(node!=NULL)
    {
        int index=0;
        for(index;index<size;index++)
        {
            //set vertic node data
            node[index].data=index;//set node key
            //Initial no AjlistNode
            //set NULL Value
            node[index].next=NULL;
        }
    }else
    {
        cout<<"Vertic Node is Empty"<<endl;
    }
}


    //Add Edge from Two given Nodes
void Graph ::addEdge(int V ,int E)
{
    //Add edge form V to E
    //V and E is Node location
    if(V<size && E <size)
    {
        //first create Adjacency node
        AjlistNode *newEdge=new AjlistNode;
        if(newEdge!=NULL)
        {

            newEdge->next=NULL;
            newEdge->vId=E;

            AjlistNode *temp=node[V].next;

            if(temp==NULL)
            {
                node[V].next=newEdge;
            }else
            {
                //Add node at last
                while(temp->next!=NULL)
                {
                    temp=temp->next;
                }      
                temp->next=newEdge;          
            }
        }
    }else
    {
            //not valid Vertices
        cout<<"Invalid Node Vertices "<< V<<" "<<E;
    }
}
//Display Adjacency list of vertex
void Graph::printGraph()
{
    if(node!=NULL)
    {
        AjlistNode *temp=NULL;
        for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
        {
            cout<<"\n Adjacency list of vertex "<<index<<" :";
            temp=node[index].next;
            while(temp!=NULL)
            {
                //temp->vId is graph node vertices
                //in this case temp->vId is same as 
                //node[temp->vId].data

                cout<<" "<<node[temp->vId].data;
                temp=temp->next;
            }
        }
    }else
    {
        cout<<"Empty Graph"<<endl;
    }
}
//Check Path of given vertex
void Graph:: check_vertex(int point,int *visit){

    if(visit[point]==1){
        return;
    }else{
        visit[point]=1;
        AjlistNode *temp=node[point].next;
        while(temp!=NULL){
           check_vertex(temp->vId,visit); 
           temp=temp->next;
       }
   }
}

int main()
{   

    int size = 7;
    //Create Object
    Graph g(size);
    //First set node keys
    g.setData(); 

    //Connected two node with Edges
    g.addEdge(1,0);
    g.addEdge(1,4);
    g.addEdge(2,5);
    g.addEdge(3,1);
    g.addEdge(3,2);
    g.addEdge(3,6);
    g.addEdge(4,3);
    g.addEdge(5,0);
    

    g.printGraph();

    //Create array
    int visit[size]={0};

    cout<<" \n Mother Vertex :";
    int test=0,status=1;
    
    while(test<size)
    {
        status=1;
        g.check_vertex(test,visit);
        
        //When current node are visit other nodes
        //Then that is a Mother Vertex
        for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
        {

            if(visit[index]!=1)

            {
                status=0;
            }
            //reset element value
            visit[index]=0;
        }
        if(status==1)
        {
            cout<<"  "<<test;
        }
        test++;
    }
    return 0;
}

Output

 Adjacency list of vertex 0 :
 Adjacency list of vertex 1 : 0 4
 Adjacency list of vertex 2 : 5
 Adjacency list of vertex 3 : 1 2 6
 Adjacency list of vertex 4 : 3
 Adjacency list of vertex 5 : 0
 Adjacency list of vertex 6 : 
 Mother Vertex :  1  3  4
//Java Program, Find Mother Vertex in a Graph
public class MyGraph
{

    static class AjlistNode
    {
        int id;//Vertices node key
        AjlistNode next;
    }
    static class Vertices
    {
        int data;
        AjlistNode next;
    }


    //number of Vertices
    static int size;
    public Vertices node[];
    MyGraph(int size)
    {
        //set value
        this.size=size;

        node=new Vertices[size];
        
    }

    //set initial node value
    public void setData(){
        if(node==null )
        {
            System.out.println("\nEmpty Graph");
        }else
        {
            for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
            {
                // avoid java.lang.null PointerException
                node[index]=new Vertices(); 
                node[index].data=index;//set your data
                node[index].next=null ;
            }
        }
    }

    public void addEdge(int S,int E){
        if(S<size && E<size && node!=null )
        {
            AjlistNode newEdge=new AjlistNode();
            newEdge.id=E;//end node
            newEdge.next=null ;
            if(node[S].next==null )
            {
                node[S].next=newEdge;
            }else
            {
                AjlistNode temp=node[S].next;
                while(temp.next!=null )
                {
                    temp=temp.next;
                }
                temp.next=newEdge;
            }

        }else{
            System.out.println("\nEmpty Graph");
        }
    }

    public void printGraph()
    {
        if(size>0&&node!=null )
        {
            for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
            {
                System.out.print("\nAdjacency list of vertex "+index+" :");
                AjlistNode temp=node[index].next;
                while(temp!=null )
                {
                    System.out.print(" "+node[temp.id].data);
                    temp=temp.next;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    //Check Path of given vertex
    public void  checkVertex(int point,int  []visit){

        if(visit[point]==1){
            return;
        }else{
            visit[point]=1;
            AjlistNode  temp=node[point].next;
            while(temp!=null ){
             checkVertex(temp.id,visit); 
             temp=temp.next;
         }
     }
 }


 public static void main(String[] args) {
    int totalNode=7;

    MyGraph g=new MyGraph(totalNode);
    g.setData();
        //Connected two node with Edges


    g.addEdge(1,0);
    g.addEdge(1,4);
    g.addEdge(2,5);
    g.addEdge(3,1);
    g.addEdge(3,2);
    g.addEdge(3,6);
    g.addEdge(4,3);
    g.addEdge(5,0);
    

    g.printGraph();

    //Create array
    int []visit=new int[totalNode];

    System.out.print(" \n Mother Vertex :");
    int test=0,status=1;
    
    while(test<totalNode)
    {
        status=1;
        g.checkVertex(test,visit);
        
        //When current node are visit other nodes
        //Then that is a Mother Vertex
        for(int index=0;index<totalNode;index++)
        {

            if(visit[index]!=1)

            {
                status=0;
            }
            //reset element value
            visit[index]=0;
        }
        if(status==1)
        {
           System.out.print("  "+test);
        }
        test++;
    }

}
}

Output

Adjacency list of vertex 0 :
Adjacency list of vertex 1 : 0 4
Adjacency list of vertex 2 : 5
Adjacency list of vertex 3 : 1 2 6
Adjacency list of vertex 4 : 3
Adjacency list of vertex 5 : 0
Adjacency list of vertex 6 : 
 Mother Vertex :  1  3  4
#Python , Find Mother Vertex in a Graph
class AjLinkeNode:
  def __init__(self,data):
    self.id=data
    self.next=None

class Vertices:
  def __init__(self,data):
    self.data=data
    self.next=None


class Graph:
  """Constructor for Graph"""
  def __init__(self, size):
    self.size=size
    self.node=[]


  def setData(self):
    if(self.size>0 and self.node!=None):
      index=0
      while(index<self.size):
        self.node.append(Vertices(index))
        index+=1

  def addEdge(self,S,E):
    #S and E is two nodes
    if(self.size>S and self.size>E):
      new_edge=AjLinkeNode(E)
      if(self.node[S].next==None):
        self.node[S].next=new_edge
      else:
        temp=self.node[S].next
        while(temp.next!=None):
          temp=temp.next
        temp.next=new_edge
    else:
      print("Invalid nodes")

  def printGraph(self):
    if(self.size>0 and self.node!=None):
      index=0
      while(index<self.size):
        print("\nAdjacency list of vertex ",index,end=" : ")
        temp=self.node[index].next
        while temp!=None:
          print(temp.id,end=" ")
          temp=temp.next
        index+=1
  def checkVertex(self,point,visit):

        if(visit[point]==1):
            return 
        else:
            visit[point]=1 
            temp=self.node[point].next 
            while(temp!=None ):
              self.checkVertex(temp.id,visit)  
              temp=temp.next 
         
     
 



def main():
    totalNode=7
    g=Graph(totalNode)
    g.setData() 
    #Connected two node with Edges
    g.addEdge(1,0) 
    g.addEdge(1,4) 
    g.addEdge(2,5) 
    g.addEdge(3,1) 
    g.addEdge(3,2) 
    g.addEdge(3,6) 
    g.addEdge(4,3) 
    g.addEdge(5,0) 
    g.printGraph() 
    #Create list
    visit=[0]*totalNode 

    print(" \n Mother Vertex :",end=" ") 
    test=0
    status=1 
    
    while(test<totalNode):
        status=1 
        g.checkVertex(test,visit) 
        
        #When current node are visit other nodes
        #Then that is a Mother Vertex
        index=0
        while(index<totalNode):

          if(visit[index]!=1):
            status=0

          #reset element value
          visit[index]=0 
          index+=1 
        if(status==1):
          print(test,end=" ") 
        test+=1 

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

Output

Adjacency list of vertex  0 : 
Adjacency list of vertex  1 : 0 4 
Adjacency list of vertex  2 : 5 
Adjacency list of vertex  3 : 1 2 6 
Adjacency list of vertex  4 : 3 
Adjacency list of vertex  5 : 0 
Adjacency list of vertex  6 :  
 Mother Vertex : 1 3 4 
//C# Program, Find Mother Vertex in a Graph

using System;
public class AjlistNode
{
  public int id;//Vertices node key
  public AjlistNode next;
}
public class Vertices
{
  public int data;
  public AjlistNode next;
}
public class MyGraph
{



  //number of Vertices
  public int size;

  public Vertices[]node= new Vertices[] {};
  MyGraph(int size)
  {
    //set value
    this.size=size;

    node=new Vertices[size];

  }

  //set initial node value
  public void setData(){
    if(node==null )
    {
      Console.WriteLine("\nEmpty Graph");
    }else
    {
      for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
      {
        // avoid java.lang.null PointerException
        node[index]=new Vertices(); 
        node[index].data=index;//set your data
        node[index].next=null ;
      }
    }
  }

  public void addEdge(int S,int E){
    if(S<size && E<size && node!=null )
    {
      AjlistNode newEdge=new AjlistNode();
      newEdge.id=E;//end node
      newEdge.next=null ;
      if(node[S].next==null )
      {
        node[S].next=newEdge;
      }else
      {
        AjlistNode temp=node[S].next;
        while(temp.next!=null )
        {
          temp=temp.next;
        }
        temp.next=newEdge;
      }

    }else{
      Console.WriteLine("\nEmpty Graph");
    }
  }

  public void printGraph()
  {
    if(size>0&&node!=null )
    {
      for(int index=0;index<size;index++)
      {
        Console.Write("\nAdjacency list of vertex "+index+" :");
        AjlistNode temp=node[index].next;
        while(temp!=null )
        {
          Console.Write(" {0}",node[temp.id].data);
          temp=temp.next;
        }
      }
    }
  }
  //Check Path of given vertex
  public void  checkVertex(int point,int  []visit){

    if(visit[point]==1){
      return;
    }else{
      visit[point]=1;
      AjlistNode  temp=node[point].next;
      while(temp!=null ){
        checkVertex(temp.id,visit); 
        temp=temp.next;
      }
    }
  }


  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    int totalNode=7;

    MyGraph g=new MyGraph(totalNode);
    g.setData();
    //Connected two node with Edges


    g.addEdge(1,0);
    g.addEdge(1,4);
    g.addEdge(2,5);
    g.addEdge(3,1);
    g.addEdge(3,2);
    g.addEdge(3,6);
    g.addEdge(4,3);
    g.addEdge(5,0);


    g.printGraph();

    //Create array
    int []visit=new int[totalNode];

    Console.Write(" \n Mother Vertex :");
    int test=0,status=1;

    while(test<totalNode)
    {
      status=1;
      g.checkVertex(test,visit);

      //When current node are visit other nodes
      //Then that is a Mother Vertex
      for(int index=0;index<totalNode;index++)
      {

        if(visit[index]!=1)

        {
          status=0;
        }
        //reset element value
        visit[index]=0;
      }
      if(status==1)
      {
        Console.Write("  "+test);
      }
      test++;
    }

  }
}

Output

Adjacency list of vertex 0 :
Adjacency list of vertex 1 : 0 4
Adjacency list of vertex 2 : 5
Adjacency list of vertex 3 : 1 2 6
Adjacency list of vertex 4 : 3
Adjacency list of vertex 5 : 0
Adjacency list of vertex 6 : 
 Mother Vertex :  1  3  4

<?php 
/*
* PHP Program,Find Mother Vertex in a Graph

*/

class AjlistNode{
  public $key;
  public $next;
  function __construct($key)
  {
    $this->key=$key;
    $this->next=NULL;
  }
}
class Node{
  public $data;
  public $next;
  function __construct($data)
  {
    $this->data=$data;
    $this->next=NULL;
  }
}

class MyGraph{
 
  public $node;
  public $size;

  function __construct($size){
    $this->size=$size;
    $this->node=[];  //empty array

  }
  public function setData(){
    if($this->size>0){
      for($index=0;$index<$this->size;$index++){
        $this->node[$index]=new Node($index);
      }
      
    }
  }
  public function addEdge($start,$end){
    if($this->size > $start && $this->size>$end){
      $newEdge=new AjlistNode($end);
      if($this->node[$start]->next==NULL){
        $this->node[$start]->next=$newEdge;
      }else{

        $temp=$this->node[$start]->next;
        while($temp->next!=NULL){
         $temp=$temp->next;
        }
        $temp->next= $newEdge;
      }
    }
  }
  public function printGraph(){
    if($this->size>0 && count($this->node)>0 && $this->node!=NULL){
      for($index=0;$index<$this->size;$index++){
       echo ("\nAdjacency list of vertex ".$index." : ");
        $temp=$this->node[$index]->next;
        while($temp!=NULL){
         echo (" ".$this->node[$temp->key]->data);
          $temp=$temp->next;
        }
      }
    }
  }
    //Check Path of given vertex
    public function checkVertex($point,& $visit){

        if($visit[$point]==1){
            return;
        }else{
            $visit[$point]=1;
           $temp=$this->node[$point]->next;
            while($temp!=NULL ){
             $this->checkVertex($temp->key,$visit); 
             $temp=$temp->next;
         }
     }
 }


}


function main(){
  $totalNode=7;
  //create object
  $g=new MyGraph($totalNode);
  $g->setData();
  

   //Connected two node with Edges


    $g->addEdge(1,0);
    $g->addEdge(1,4);
    $g->addEdge(2,5);
    $g->addEdge(3,1);
    $g->addEdge(3,2);
    $g->addEdge(3,6);
    $g->addEdge(4,3);
    $g->addEdge(5,0);
    

    $g->printGraph();

    //Create array
    $visit=array_fill(0, $totalNode, 0);;

    echo (" \n Mother Vertex :");
    $test=0;
    $status=1;
    
    while($test<$totalNode)
    {
        $status=1;
        $g->checkVertex($test, $visit);
        
        //When current node are visit other nodes
        //Then that is a Mother Vertex
        for($index=0;$index<$totalNode;$index++)
        {

            if($visit[$index]!=1)

            {
                $status=0;
            }
            //reset element value
            $visit[$index]=0;
        }
        if($status==1)
        {
           echo("  ".$test);
        }
        $test++;
    }

 
}
main();
?>

Output

Adjacency list of vertex 0 : 
Adjacency list of vertex 1 :  0 4
Adjacency list of vertex 2 :  5
Adjacency list of vertex 3 :  1 2 6
Adjacency list of vertex 4 :  3
Adjacency list of vertex 5 :  0
Adjacency list of vertex 6 :  
 Mother Vertex :  1  3  4


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