Draw a chart
In this article, we will discuss the problem of drawing a chart based on a given set of data. The task is to visualize the data in the form of a chart, where the height of each bar represents the corresponding value in the dataset. We will provide a detailed explanation of the problem, along with a suitable example, algorithm, pseudocode, and the resultant output explanation.
Problem Statement
The problem is to draw a chart based on a given set of data, where each element in the dataset represents the number of runs scored by a player. The chart should represent the frequency of runs scored by each player in a visually appealing manner. Each bar in the chart corresponds to a particular run value, and its height represents the frequency of that run value in the dataset.
For example, consider the following dataset:
[4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3]
The chart for this dataset would look as follows:
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3
The x-axis represents the different run values, and the y-axis represents the frequency of each run value. The bars in the chart are represented by '▒' characters, and the numbers at the bottom indicate the run values. The chart provides a visual representation of the frequency distribution of the runs scored by each player.
Algorithm and Pseudocode
To solve this problem, we can follow the given algorithm:
1. Find the maximum element in the given dataset.
2. Initialize a variable 'status' to 0.
3. Iterate from the maximum element down to 1:
4. Print the current value as the y-axis label.
5. Iterate over each element in the dataset:
6. If the element is equal to the current value:
7. Set 'status' to 1.
8. Decrement the element by 1.
9. Print a '▒' character to represent the bar.
10. If 'status' is 1:
11. Recursively call the function with the updated dataset.
12. Else:
13. Print a horizontal line to represent the bottom layer.
14. Print the run values at the bottom of the chart.
The pseudocode representation of the algorithm is as follows:
function find_max(result[], size):
max = result[0]
for i = 1 to size - 1:
if result[i] > max:
max = result[i]
return max
function print_chart(runs[], result[], size):
status = 0
max = find_max(result, size)
if max > 0:
print "\n \t%d∣", max
for i = 0 to size - 1:
print "\t"
if result[i] == max:
status = 1
result[i]--
print "▒"
if status == 1:
print_chart(runs, result, size)
else:
print "\n \t ∣"
for i = 0 to size:
print "-------"
print "\n \t "
for i = 0 to size - 1:
print "\t%d", runs[i]
function draw_chart(runs[], size):
create an array result[size]
for i = 0 to size - 1:
result[i] = runs[i]
print_chart(runs, result, size)
function main():
runs = [4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3]
size = length(runs)
draw_chart(runs, size)
return 0
In above chart given number are not large. and number of elements are less than 10. Here given code implementation process.
Code Solution
// C program
// Draw a chart
#include <stdio.h>
//Find the maximum element of given result
int find_max(int result[], int size)
{
int max = result[0];
for (int i = 1; i < size; ++i)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
void print_chart(int runs[], int result[], int size)
{
int status = 0;
int i = 0;
int max = find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
printf("\n \t%d∣", max);
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
printf("\t");
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i]--;
printf("▒");
}
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
//Display bottom layer
printf("\n \t ∣");
for (i = 0; i <= size; ++i)
{
//printf("▔▔▔▔▔▔▔");
printf("-------");
}
printf("\n \t ");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
printf("\t%d", runs[i]);
}
}
}
void draw_chart(int runs[], int size)
{
int result[size];
//Copy array elements
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
}
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
int main()
{
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
int runs[] = {
4,
6,
2,
1,
4,
7,
3
};
int size = sizeof(runs) / sizeof(runs[0]);
draw_chart(runs, size);
return (0);
}Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3// Java program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
public int find_max(int[] result, int size)
{
int max = result[0];
for (int i = 1; i < size; ++i)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
public void print_chart(int[] runs, int[] result, int size)
{
int status = 0;
int i = 0;
int max = find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
System.out.print("\n \t" + max + "∣");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
System.out.print("\t");
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i]--;
System.out.print("▒");
}
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
System.out.print("\n \t ∣");
for (i = 0; i <= size; ++i)
{
System.out.print("-------");
}
System.out.print("\n \t ");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
System.out.print("\t" + runs[i] + "");
}
}
}
public void draw_chart(int[] runs, int size)
{
int[] result = new int[size];
//Copy array elements
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
}
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
MyPattern obj = new MyPattern();
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
int[] runs = {
4,
6,
2,
1,
4,
7,
3
};
int size = runs.length;
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
}
}Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3//Include header file
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// C++ program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
public:
//Find the maximum element of given result
int find_max(int result[], int size)
{
int max = result[0];
for (int i = 1; i < size; ++i)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
void print_chart(int runs[], int result[], int size)
{
int status = 0;
int i = 0;
int max = this->find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
cout << "\n \t" << max << "∣";
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
cout << "\t";
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i]--;
cout << "▒";
}
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
this->print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
cout << "\n \t ∣";
for (i = 0; i <= size; ++i)
{
cout << "-------";
}
cout << "\n \t ";
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
cout << "\t" << runs[i] << "";
}
}
}
void draw_chart(int runs[], int size)
{
int result[size];
//Copy array elements
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
}
this->print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
};
int main()
{
MyPattern obj = MyPattern();
int runs[] = {
4 , 6 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 7 , 3
};
int size = sizeof(runs) / sizeof(runs[0]);
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
return 0;
}Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3//Include namespace system
using System;
// C# program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
public int find_max(int[] result, int size)
{
int max = result[0];
for (int i = 1; i < size; ++i)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
public void print_chart(int[] runs, int[] result, int size)
{
int status = 0;
int i = 0;
int max = find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
Console.Write("\n \t" + max + "∣");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
Console.Write("\t");
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i]--;
Console.Write("▒");
}
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
Console.Write("\n \t ∣");
for (i = 0; i <= size; ++i)
{
Console.Write("-------");
}
Console.Write("\n \t ");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
Console.Write("\t" + runs[i] + "");
}
}
}
public void draw_chart(int[] runs, int size)
{
int[] result = new int[size];
//Copy array elements
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
}
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
MyPattern obj = new MyPattern();
int[] runs = {
4 , 6 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 7 , 3
};
int size = runs.Length;
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
}
}Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3<?php
// Php program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
public function find_max( & $result, $size)
{
$max = $result[0];
for ($i = 1; $i < $size; ++$i)
{
if ($result[$i] > $max)
{
$max = $result[$i];
}
}
return $max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
public function print_chart( & $runs, & $result, $size)
{
$status = 0;
$i = 0;
$max = $this->find_max($result, $size);
if ($max > 0)
{
echo "\n \t". $max ."∣";
for ($i = 0; $i < $size; ++$i)
{
echo "\t";
if ($result[$i] == $max)
{
$status = 1;
$result[$i]--;
echo "▒";
}
}
}
if ($status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
$this->print_chart($runs, $result, $size);
}
else
{
echo "\n \t ∣";
for ($i = 0; $i <= $size; ++$i)
{
echo "-------";
}
echo "\n \t ";
for ($i = 0; $i < $size; ++$i)
{
echo "\t". $runs[$i] ."";
}
}
}
public function draw_chart( & $runs, $size)
{
$result = array_fill(0, $size, 0);
//Copy array elements
for ($i = 0; $i < $size; ++$i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
$result[$i] = $runs[$i];
}
$this->print_chart($runs, $result, $size);
}
}
function main()
{
$obj = new MyPattern();
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
$runs = array(4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3);
$size = count($runs);
$obj->draw_chart($runs, $size);
}
main();Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3// Node Js program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
find_max(result, size)
{
var max = result[0];
for (var i = 1; i < size; ++i)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
print_chart(runs, result, size)
{
var status = 0;
var i = 0;
var max = this.find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
process.stdout.write("\n \t" + max + "∣");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
process.stdout.write("\t");
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i]--;
process.stdout.write("▒");
}
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
this.print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
process.stdout.write("\n \t ∣");
for (i = 0; i <= size; ++i)
{
process.stdout.write("-------");
}
process.stdout.write("\n \t ");
for (i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
process.stdout.write("\t" + runs[i] + "");
}
}
}
draw_chart(runs, size)
{
var result = Array(size).fill(0);
//Copy array elements
for (var i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
}
this.print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
}
function main()
{
var obj = new MyPattern();
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
var runs = [4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3];
var size = runs.length;
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
}
main();Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3# Python 3 program
# Draw a chart
class MyPattern :
# Find the maximum element of given result
def find_max(self, result, size) :
max = result[0]
i = 1
while (i < size) :
if (result[i] > max) :
max = result[i]
i += 1
return max
# Display chart of given elements
def print_chart(self, runs, result, size) :
status = 0
i = 0
max = self.find_max(result, size)
if (max > 0) :
print("\n \t", max ,"∣", end = "")
i = 0
while (i < size) :
print("\t", end = "")
if (result[i] == max) :
status = 1
result[i] -= 1
print("▒", end = "")
i += 1
if (status == 1) :
# Recursively executing function print chart
self.print_chart(runs, result, size)
else :
print("\n \t ∣", end = "")
i = 0
while (i <= size) :
print("-------", end = "")
i += 1
print("\n \t ", end = "")
i = 0
while (i < size) :
print("\t", runs[i] ,"", end = "")
i += 1
def draw_chart(self, runs, size) :
result = [0] * size
# Copy array elements
i = 0
while (i < size) :
# check condition here when invalid input
# such as negative element
# max run in a ball etc
# we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i]
i += 1
self.print_chart(runs, result, size)
def main() :
obj = MyPattern()
# Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
# No negative elements are possible
# When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
runs = [4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3]
size = len(runs)
obj.draw_chart(runs, size)
if __name__ == "__main__": main()Output
7 ∣ ▒
6 ∣ ▒ ▒
5 ∣ ▒ ▒
4 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3# Ruby program
# Draw a chart
class MyPattern
# Find the maximum element of given result
def find_max(result, size)
max = result[0]
i = 1
while (i < size)
if (result[i] > max)
max = result[i]
end
i += 1
end
return max
end
# Display chart of given elements
def print_chart(runs, result, size)
status = 0
i = 0
max = self.find_max(result, size)
if (max > 0)
print("\n \t", max ,"∣")
i = 0
while (i < size)
print("\t")
if (result[i] == max)
status = 1
result[i] -= 1
print("▒")
end
i += 1
end
end
if (status == 1)
# Recursively executing function print chart
self.print_chart(runs, result, size)
else
print("\n \t ∣")
i = 0
while (i <= size)
print("-------")
i += 1
end
print("\n \t ")
i = 0
while (i < size)
print("\t", runs[i] ,"")
i += 1
end
end
end
def draw_chart(runs, size)
result = Array.new(size) {0}
# Copy array elements
i = 0
while (i < size)
# check condition here when invalid input
# such as negative element
# max run in a ball etc
# we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i]
i += 1
end
self.print_chart(runs, result, size)
end
end
def main()
obj = MyPattern.new()
# Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
# No negative elements are possible
# When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
runs = [4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3]
size = runs.length
obj.draw_chart(runs, size)
end
main()Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3// Scala program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
def find_max(result: Array[Int], size: Int): Int = {
var max: Int = result(0);
var i: Int = 1;
while (i < size)
{
if (result(i) > max)
{
max = result(i);
}
i += 1;
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
def print_chart(runs: Array[Int], result: Array[Int], size: Int): Unit = {
var status: Int = 0;
var i: Int = 0;
var max: Int = find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
print("\n \t" + max + "∣");
i = 0;
while (i < size)
{
print("\t");
if (result(i) == max)
{
status = 1;
result(i) -= 1;
print("▒");
}
i += 1;
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
else
{
print("\n \t ∣");
i = 0;
while (i <= size)
{
print("-------");
i += 1;
}
print("\n \t ");
i = 0;
while (i < size)
{
print("\t" + runs(i) + "");
i += 1;
}
}
}
def draw_chart(runs: Array[Int], size: Int): Unit = {
var result: Array[Int] = Array.fill[Int](size)(0);
//Copy array elements
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < size)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result(i) = runs(i);
i += 1;
}
print_chart(runs, result, size);
}
}
object Main
{
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
var obj: MyPattern = new MyPattern();
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
var runs: Array[Int] = Array(4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3);
var size: Int = runs.length;
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
}
}Output
7∣ ▒
6∣ ▒ ▒
5∣ ▒ ▒
4∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3// Swift program
// Draw a chart
class MyPattern
{
//Find the maximum element of given result
func find_max(_ result: [Int], _ size: Int) -> Int
{
var max: Int = result[0];
var i: Int = 1;
while (i < size)
{
if (result[i] > max)
{
max = result[i];
}
i += 1;
}
return max;
}
//Display chart of given elements
func print_chart(_ runs: [Int], _ result: inout[Int], _ size: Int)
{
var status: Int = 0;
var i: Int = 0;
let max: Int = self.find_max(result, size);
if (max > 0)
{
print("\n \t", max ,"∣", terminator: "");
i = 0;
while (i < size)
{
print("\t", terminator: "");
if (result[i] == max)
{
status = 1;
result[i] -= 1;
print("▒", terminator: "");
}
i += 1;
}
}
if (status == 1)
{
//Recursively executing function print chart
self.print_chart(runs, &result, size);
}
else
{
print("\n \t ∣", terminator: "");
i = 0;
while (i <= size)
{
print("-------", terminator: "");
i += 1;
}
print("\n \t ", terminator: "");
i = 0;
while (i < size)
{
print("\t", runs[i] ,"", terminator: "");
i += 1;
}
}
}
func draw_chart(_ runs: [Int], _ size: Int)
{
var result: [Int] = Array(repeating: 0, count: size);
//Copy array elements
var i: Int = 0;
while (i < size)
{
//check condition here when invalid input
//such as negative element
//max run in a ball etc
//we are assume that given input valid
result[i] = runs[i];
i += 1;
}
self.print_chart(runs, &result, size);
}
}
func main()
{
let obj: MyPattern = MyPattern();
//Assume that each element are indicate runs of a ball
//No negative elements are possible
//When ball is no ball then max run can be 7 and add one extra ball
let runs: [Int] = [4, 6, 2, 1, 4, 7, 3];
let size: Int = runs.count;
obj.draw_chart(runs, size);
}
main();Output
7 ∣ ▒
6 ∣ ▒ ▒
5 ∣ ▒ ▒
4 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
3 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
2 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
1 ∣ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒ ▒
∣--------------------------------------------------------
4 6 2 1 4 7 3Time Complexity
The time complexity of the given algorithm depends on the size of the dataset, represented by 'size'. Let 'n' be the value of 'size'.
The function 'find_max' iterates through the 'result' array once, resulting in a time complexity of O(n).
The function 'print_chart' iterates through the 'result' array once for each unique run value, which can be at most 'n'. Hence, the time complexity of 'print_chart' is O(n^2).
The function 'draw_chart' copies the 'runs' array into the 'result' array, resulting in a time complexity of O(n).
Therefore, the overall time complexity of the code is O(n^2) due to the recursive nature of the 'print_chart' function.
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