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Count total set bits in all numbers from 1 to n

Counting total set bits in all numbers from 1 to n means finding the total number of 1's that appear in the binary representation of all the numbers from 1 to n. For example, the binary representation of numbers from 1 to 5 are:

1 - 0001 (1 set bit)
2 - 0010 (1 set bit)
3 - 0011 (2 set bits)
4 - 0100 (1 set bit)
5 - 0101 (2 set bits)

Therefore, the total number of set bits from 1 to 5 is 1+1+2+1+2 = 7.

In simple words, counting total set bits in all numbers from 1 to n involves adding up the number of 1's in the binary representation of all the numbers between 1 and n, inclusive.

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