Check leap year
In the realm of calendar systems, a leap year is a year that contains an extra day, February 29, to help synchronize the calendar year with the solar year. Leap years play an essential role in maintaining the accuracy of calendars and timekeeping. This article will delve into the concept of leap years and present a C program to determine whether a given year is a leap year or not.
Problem Statement
The problem at hand is to develop a program that can identify whether a given year is a leap year or not. A leap year is usually divisible by 4. However, there are exceptions. Years that are divisible by 100 are not leap years, unless they are also divisible by 400. This accounts for the subtle difference between typical leap years and special leap years.
Example
Consider the year 2000. It is evenly divisible by 4. Normally, this would classify it as a leap year. But, due to the exceptional rule, it is also a century year (divisible by 100). However, it satisfies the final criterion of being divisible by 400. As a result, 2000 is a leap year.
Idea to Solve
The solution lies in creating a function that can determine the leap year status of a given year using the conditions mentioned earlier. Let's outline the steps to achieve this:
Pseudocode
function is_leap_year(year):
if year is divisible by 4
if year is not divisible by 100 OR year is divisible by 400
Print "Leap year"
else
Print "Not a leap year"
else
Print "Not a leap year"
function main():
is_leap_year(2020)
is_leap_year(2018)
is_leap_year(2025)
is_leap_year(2050)
is_leap_year(2032)
is_leap_year(2100)
Algorithm Explanation
- The
is_leap_year
function takes a single parameter,year
. - It checks if the given year is divisible by 4.
- If the year is divisible by 4, it further checks two conditions:
- If the year is not divisible by 100 OR the year is divisible by 400, then it's a leap year.
- If both conditions are not met, it's not a leap year.
- If the year is not divisible by 4, it's not a leap year.
- The
main
function tests theis_leap_year
function with various year values.
Code Solution
Here given code implementation process.
// C Program to
// Check leap year
#include <stdio.h>
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
void is_leap_year(int year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
//When year is leap year
printf("%d is a leap year", year);
}
else
{
printf("%d is not a leap year", year);
}
printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
//Test Case
is_leap_year(2020);
is_leap_year(2018);
is_leap_year(2025);
is_leap_year(2050);
is_leap_year(2032);
is_leap_year(2100);
return 0;
}
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
Java Program
Check leap year
*/
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
public void is_leap_year(int year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
//When year is leap year
System.out.print("\n" + year + " is a leap year" );
}
else
{
System.out.print("\n" + year + " is not a leap year");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
MyMaths obj = new MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
}
}
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
C++ Program
Check leap year
*/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class MyMaths
{
public:
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
void is_leap_year(int year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
cout << "\n" << year << " is a leap year";
}
else
{
cout << "\n" << year << " is not a leap year";
}
}
};
int main()
{
MyMaths obj = MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
return 0;
}
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
<?php
/*
Php Program
Check leap year
*/
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
function is_leap_year($year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if ($year % 4 == 0 && (($year % 100 != 0) || $year % 400 == 0))
{
echo "\n". $year ." is a leap year";
}
else
{
echo "\n". $year ." is not a leap year";
}
}
}
function main()
{
$obj = new MyMaths();
//Test Case
$obj->is_leap_year(2020);
$obj->is_leap_year(2018);
$obj->is_leap_year(2025);
$obj->is_leap_year(2050);
$obj->is_leap_year(2032);
$obj->is_leap_year(2100);
}
main();
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
Node Js Program
Check leap year
*/
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
is_leap_year(year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
process.stdout.write("\n" + year + " is a leap year");
}
else
{
process.stdout.write("\n" + year + " is not a leap year");
}
}
}
function main()
{
var obj = new MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
}
main();
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
C# Program
Check leap year
*/
using System;
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
public void is_leap_year(int year)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
Console.Write("\n" + year + " is a leap year");
}
else
{
Console.Write("\n" + year + " is not a leap year");
}
}
public static void Main(String[] args)
{
MyMaths obj = new MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
}
}
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
# Python 3 Program
# Check leap year
class MyMaths :
# Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
def is_leap_year(self, year) :
# Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
# If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
# Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
# Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
# If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 and((year % 100 != 0) or year % 400 == 0)) :
print("\n", year ," is a leap year", end = "")
else :
print("\n", year ," is not a leap year", end = "")
def main() :
obj = MyMaths()
# Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020)
obj.is_leap_year(2018)
obj.is_leap_year(2025)
obj.is_leap_year(2050)
obj.is_leap_year(2032)
obj.is_leap_year(2100)
if __name__ == "__main__": main()
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
# Ruby Program
# Check leap year
class MyMaths
# Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
def is_leap_year(year)
# Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
# If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
# Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
# Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
# If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
# When year is leap year
print("\n", year ," is a leap year")
else
print("\n", year ," is not a leap year")
end
end
end
def main()
obj = MyMaths.new()
# Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020)
obj.is_leap_year(2018)
obj.is_leap_year(2025)
obj.is_leap_year(2050)
obj.is_leap_year(2032)
obj.is_leap_year(2100)
end
main()
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
Scala Program
Check leap year
*/
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
def is_leap_year(year: Int): Unit = {
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
//When year is leap year
print("\n" + year + " is a leap year");
}
else
{
print("\n" + year + " is not a leap year");
}
}
}
object Main
{
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
var obj: MyMaths = new MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
}
}
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
/*
Swift Program
Check leap year
*/
class MyMaths
{
//Function which is check whether given year is leap year or not
func is_leap_year(_ year: Int)
{
// Check if Year is divisible by 4 or not
// If year is divisible by 4, then check two case
// Case 1 : Check if year is divisible by 100 or not
// Case 2 : Check if Year is divisible by 400 or not
// If any one case true then year is leap year
if (year % 4 == 0 && ((year % 100 != 0) || year % 400 == 0))
{
print("\n", year ," is a leap year", terminator: "");
}
else
{
print("\n", year ," is not a leap year", terminator: "");
}
}
}
func main()
{
let obj: MyMaths = MyMaths();
//Test Case
obj.is_leap_year(2020);
obj.is_leap_year(2018);
obj.is_leap_year(2025);
obj.is_leap_year(2050);
obj.is_leap_year(2032);
obj.is_leap_year(2100);
}
main();
Output
2020 is a leap year
2018 is not a leap year
2025 is not a leap year
2050 is not a leap year
2032 is a leap year
2100 is not a leap year
Time Complexity
The time complexity of this code is constant, O(1), as the calculations inside the is_leap_year
function involve basic arithmetic operations that don't depend on the input size. The function's execution time
remains constant regardless of the input year.
In summary, the provided code successfully determines whether a given year is a leap year or not, taking into account both the general rule and the special rule for centuries. It demonstrates a straightforward implementation of this concept in C.
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