C Operators

Operator is special type of symbol that are perform relational,comparison,logical and mathematical type operations.

In c programming operator are classified into following category.

• Arithmetic Operator
• Logical Operators
• Relational Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Bitwise Operators

Arithmetic Operator

Arithmetic operators are used to perform mathematical operation of two operands. using of these operator we can easily to calculate like addition, subtraction,multiplication, division. and also can solve mathematical equation.

Example

/* 
  Example of Arithmetic Operator
*/
/*Header file*/
#include <stdio.h>

int main(){

    int a=10,b=5,resutl;

    //add
    resutl=a+b;
    printf("Addition    [%d + %d] : %d\n",a,b,resutl);
    //subtract
    resutl=a-b;
    printf("subtraction [%d - %d] : %d\n",a,b,resutl);
    //multiply
    resutl=a*b;
    printf("multiply    [%d * %d] : %d\n",a,b,resutl);
    //divide
    resutl=a/b;
    printf("division    [%d / %d] : %d\n",a,b,resutl);
    //modules
    resutl=a%b;
    printf("remainder   [%d %% %d] : %d\n",a,b,resutl);
    return 0;
}

Output

Addition    [10 + 5] : 15
subtraction [10 - 5] : 5
multiply    [10 * 5] : 50
division    [10 / 5] : 2
remainder   [10 % 5] : 0

Logical Operators

logical operator are used to compare simply based on multiple condition. this condition are based on operand. operand and logical operator are combine together and make a decision expression. this expression are returns boolean value. this boolean value are (1,0) True and False . if expression is valid then its True otherwise False. Here given of three logical operators.

For example.

//Example to use Logical Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  //case 1 check logical not
  if(!(4>=6)){
    printf("4 is not greater than or equal to 6");
  }else{
    printf("4 is less than to 6");
  }
  //case 2 check logical and
  if(4>2 && 3>5){
    //when given both expression result is true
    printf("\nLogical And both condition is true");
  }else{
    printf("\nLogical And both condition is not False");
  }
  //Case 3 check logical and
  if(4>2 || 3>5){
    printf("\nLogical And Any one condition is true");
  }else{
    printf("\nLogical or both condition is False");
  }
  return 0;
}

Output

4 is not greater than or equal to 6
Logical And both condition is not False
Logical And Any one condition is true

Relational Operators

relational operator are used to compare two values. this is work on two operand or two values so it also called binary operator.result of relational operator is boolean value( True and false). here given six relational operator.

For example.

//Example of Relational Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  int a=6,b=4;
  //View relational operators result
  printf("a %d b %d\n",a,b);
  printf("a>b %d\n",a>b ); //true 1
  printf("a<b %d\n",a<b ); //false 0
  printf("a>=b %d\n",a>=b );
  printf("a<=b %d\n",a<=b ); 
  printf("4==4 %d\n",4==4); 
  printf("4!=4 %d\n",4!=4);
  printf("4!=5 %d\n",4!=5);

  return 0;
}

Output

a 6 b 4
a>b 1
a<b 0
a>=b 1
a<=b 0
4==4 1
4!=4 0
4!=5 1

Assignment Operators

assignment operators are used to initialize and assign new value to variables. there are denoted as (=) equal sign.

For example

//Example of Assignment Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  int data=5;//assign value using = operator
  printf("%d\n",data);
  data+=4;//same as data=data+4
  printf("%d\n",data);
  data-=4;//same as data=data-4
  printf("%d\n",data);
  data*=4;//same as data=data*4
  printf("%d\n",data);

  data/=4;//same as data=data/4
  printf("%d\n",data);

  data%=4;//same as data=data%4
  printf("%d\n",data);
  return 0;
}

Output

5
9
5
20
5
1

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise Operator are work in bit level. this bits are represented in from of binary numbers (0,1).perform all operation in (CPU) is work on bit-level. here given six Bitwise operators.

For example of Bitwise & Operators

//Example of Bitwise & Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  //example of Bitwise &
  /**---
  5 = 0 1 0 1
  4 = 0 1 0 0
  ------------
  & = 0 1 0 0 =4
  --**/
  printf("5&4 = %d\n",5&4);
  
  /**---
  5  = 0 1 0 1
  10 = 1 0 1 0
  ------------
  &  = 0 0 0 0 =0
  --**/
  printf("5&10 = %d\n",5&10);

  //example of Bitwise |
  /**---
  5 = 0 1 0 1
  4 = 0 1 0 0
  ------------
  | = 0 1 0 1 =5
  --**/
  return 0;
}

Output

5&4 = 4
5&10 = 0

For example of Bitwise | Operators

//Example of Bitwise | (or) Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  //Explanation of Bitwise |
  /**---
  5 = 0 1 0 1
  4 = 0 1 0 0
  ------------
  | = 0 1 0 1 =5
  --**/
  printf("5|4 = %d\n",5|4);
  
  
  /**---
  5  = 0 1 0 1
  10 = 1 0 1 0
  ------------
  |  = 1 1 1 1 =15
  --**/
  printf("5|10 = %d\n",5|10);
  return 0;
}

Output

5|4 = 5
5|10 = 15

Example of Bitwise ^ Operators

//Example of Bitwise ^ Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  //Explanation of Bitwise ^
  /**---
  5 = 0 1 0 1
  4 = 0 1 0 0
  ------------
  ^ = 0 0 0 1 =1
  --**/
  printf("5^4 = %d\n",5^4);
  
  /**---
  13  = 1 1 0 1
  10  = 1 0 1 0
  ------------
  ^   = 0 1 1 1 =7
  --**/
  printf("13^10 = %d\n",13^10);
  return 0;
}

Output

5^4 = 1
13^10 = 7

Example of Bitwise ~ (not) Operators

//Example of Bitwise ~ Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
   //Example of Bitwise ~
  /**---
  5  = 0 1 0 1
add 1        1
  ------------
  ~    0 1 1 0 = 6
              mutiply - to result
               =-6

  --**/
  printf("~5 = %d\n",~5);
  
  /**---
  13  = 1 1 0 1
              1
  ------------
  ^   = 1 1 1 0  =14
      mutiple -1 to result
             =-14
  --**/
  printf("13 = %d\n",~13);

  /**---
  13  = 0 0 1 1 0 1

   -13  = 1 1 0 0 1 0 (simple complement of 13)
          1 
      ------------    
        1 1 0 0 1 1 (add 1)
        ------------
  -13   0 0 1 1 0 0 (inverse) =12
  --**/
  printf("~-13 = %d\n",~-13);


  return 0;
}

Output

~5 = -6
13 = -14
~-13 = 12

Example of Bitwise >> Operators

//Example of Bitwise >> Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  
  /**--
  14 : 1  1  1  0
  ----------------
(14>>2)-> -> 1  1  1  0
  ----------------
             1  1  =3
  --**/
  printf("%d\n",14>>2 );


    /**--
  32 : 1  0  0  0  0  0
  ----------------
(32>>4)-> -> -> -> 1  0  0  0  0  0
  ---------------------
                   1  0 =2
  --**/
  printf("%d\n",32>>4 );
  return 0;
}

Output

3
2

Example of Bitwise << Operators

//Example of Bitwise << Operators
#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
  
  /**--
  14 : 0  0  1  1  1  0
  ----------------
                    <- <-  
 14<<2 : 1  1  1  0  0  0
  ----------------
         1  1  1  0  0  0 = 56

  --**/
  
  printf("%d\n",14<<2 );

    /**--
  32 : 0  0  0  0  1  0  0  0  0  0
  ---------------------------------
                        <- <- <- <-
(32<<4)1  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0  0 =512
  --**/

  printf("%d\n",32<<4 );
  return 0;
}

Output

56
512